Let's break down the benchmark and explain what's being tested, compared, and their pros and cons.

What is being tested?

The benchmark compares three ways to find if an array contains a value:

1. array.indexOf('sausage') !== 1
2. array.includes('sausage')
3. array.some(v => v === 'sausage')

These methods are used to determine whether the string 'sausage' exists in the array.

Comparison of options

Here's a brief overview of each option:

1. array.indexOf('sausage') !== 1

• Purpose: Returns the index of the first occurrence of 'sausage' in the array, or -1 if not found.
• Pros:
  • Simple and straightforward implementation.
  • Fast, as it uses a simple linear search.
• Cons:
  • May return NaN (Not a Number) instead of -1 for certain edge cases.
  • Does not account for null or undefined values.

2. array.includes('sausage')

• Purpose: Returns true if the array includes 'sausage', and false otherwise.
• Pros:
  • More concise and readable implementation than indexOf.
  • Works with null or undefined values, returning false instead of NaN.
• Cons:
  • Slower than indexOf due to additional checks.
  • May be slower in older browsers.

3. array.some(v => v === 'sausage')

• Purpose: Returns true if at least one element in the array is equal to 'sausage'.
• Pros:
  • More concise and expressive implementation than indexOf or includes.
  • Works with arrays of any type, not just strings.
• Cons:
  • May be slower due to the use of a callback function.

Library: Lodash

The benchmark includes a reference to the Lodash library (https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lodash.js/4.17.5/lodash.min.js). Lodash is a utility library that provides a wide range of functions for working with arrays, objects, and other data structures. In this case, the includes function from Lodash is used in the benchmark.

Special JS features

There are no special JavaScript features or syntaxes being tested in this benchmark. All methods use standard JavaScript syntax and semantics.

Alternatives

Other alternatives to these methods could include:

• Using a different library or framework that provides similar functionality (e.g., Array.prototype.includes is supported by modern browsers).
• Implementing your own custom search function using a loop.
• Using a more advanced data structure, such as a trie or a hash table.

It's worth noting that the some method may be slower than the other two options due to the use of a callback function. However, it provides a concise and expressive way to solve this problem, making it a popular choice among developers.