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<p style="font-family: monospace;font-size:small">13 November,
2000</p>
</div>

<div class="div1"><a id="Core" name="Core"></a> 

<h1 id="Core-h1" class="div1">1. Document Object Model Core</h1>

<dl>
<dt><i>Editors</i></dt>

<dd>Arnaud Le Hors, IBM</dd>

<dd>Gavin Nicol, Inso EPS (for DOM Level 1)</dd>

<dd>Lauren Wood, SoftQuad, Inc. (for DOM Level 1)</dd>

<dd>Mike Champion, ArborText (for DOM Level 1 from November 20,
1997)</dd>

<dd>Steve Byrne, JavaSoft (for DOM Level 1 until November 19,
1997)</dd>
</dl>

<div class="noprint">
<h2 id="table-of-contents">Table of contents</h2>

<ul class="toc">
<li class="tocline3"><a class="tocxref" href="#ID-1590626201">1.1.
Overview of the DOM Core Interfaces</a> 

<ul class="toc">
<li class="tocline4"><a class="tocxref" href="#ID-1590626202">1.1.1. The DOM Structure Model</a></li>

<li class="tocline4"><a class="tocxref" href="#ID-249F15BA">1.1.2.
Memory Management</a></li>

<li class="tocline4"><a class="tocxref" href="#ID-45A944CB">1.1.3.
Naming Conventions</a></li>

<li class="tocline4"><a class="tocxref" href="#ID-1CED5498">1.1.4.
Inheritance vs. Flattened Views of the API</a></li>

<li class="tocline4"><a class="tocxref" href="#ID-C74D1578">1.1.5.
The DOMString type</a></li>

<li class="tocline4"><a class="tocxref" href="#Core-DOMTimeStamp">1.1.6. The DOMTimeStamp type</a></li>

<li class="tocline4"><a class="tocxref" href="#ID-5DFED1F0">1.1.7.
String comparisons in the DOM</a></li>

<li class="tocline4"><a class="tocxref" href="#Namespaces-Considerations">1.1.8. XML Namespaces</a></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li class="tocline3"><a class="tocxref" href="#ID-BBACDC08">1.2.
Fundamental Interfaces</a> 

<ul class="toc">
<li class="tocline4"><a href="#ID-17189187">DOMException</a>, <a href="#ID-258A00AF">ExceptionCode</a>, <a href="#ID-102161490">DOMImplementation</a>, <a href="#ID-B63ED1A3">DocumentFragment</a>, <a href="#i-Document">Document</a>, <a href="#ID-1950641247">Node</a>,
<a href="#ID-536297177">NodeList</a>, <a href="#ID-1780488922">NamedNodeMap</a>, <a href="#ID-FF21A306">CharacterData</a>, <a href="#ID-637646024">Attr</a>, <a href="#ID-745549614">Element</a>,
<a href="#ID-1312295772">Text</a>, <a href="#ID-1728279322">Comment</a></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li class="tocline3"><a class="tocxref" href="#ID-E067D597">1.3.
Extended Interfaces</a> 

<ul class="toc">
<li class="tocline4"><a href="#ID-667469212">CDATASection</a>, <a href="#ID-412266927">DocumentType</a>, <a href="#ID-5431D1B9">Notation</a>, <a href="#ID-527DCFF2">Entity</a>, <a href="#ID-11C98490">EntityReference</a>, <a href="#ID-1004215813">ProcessingInstruction</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>

<div class="div2"><a id="ID-1590626201" name="ID-1590626201"></a> 

<h2 id="ID-1590626201-h2" class="div2">1.1. Overview of the DOM
Core Interfaces</h2>

<p>This section defines a set of objects and interfaces for
accessing and manipulating document objects. The functionality
specified in this section (the <em>Core</em> functionality) is
sufficient to allow software developers and web script authors to
access and manipulate parsed HTML and XML content inside conforming
products. The DOM Core API also allows creation and population of a
<a href="core.html#i-Document"><code>Document</code></a> object
using only DOM API calls; loading a <a class="noxref" href="core.html#i-Document"><code>Document</code></a> and saving it
persistently is left to the product that implements the DOM
API.</p>

<div class="div3"><a id="ID-1590626202" name="ID-1590626202"></a> 

<h3 id="ID-1590626202-h3" class="div3">1.1.1. The DOM Structure
Model</h3>

<p>The DOM presents documents as a hierarchy of <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a> objects that
also implement other, more specialized interfaces. Some types of
nodes may have <a href="glossary.html#dt-child"><em>child</em></a>
nodes of various types, and others are leaf nodes that cannot have
anything below them in the document structure. For XML and HTML,
the node types, and which node types they may have as children, are
as follows:</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="core.html#i-Document"><code>Document</code></a> -- <a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a> (maximum of
one), <a href="core.html#ID-1004215813"><code>ProcessingInstruction</code></a>,
<a href="core.html#ID-1728279322"><code>Comment</code></a>, <a href="core.html#ID-412266927"><code>DocumentType</code></a>
(maximum of one)</li>

<li><a href="core.html#ID-B63ED1A3"><code>DocumentFragment</code></a> --
<a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a>, <a href="core.html#ID-1004215813"><code>ProcessingInstruction</code></a>,
<a href="core.html#ID-1728279322"><code>Comment</code></a>, <a href="core.html#ID-1312295772"><code>Text</code></a>, <a href="core.html#ID-667469212"><code>CDATASection</code></a>, <a href="core.html#ID-11C98490"><code>EntityReference</code></a></li>

<li><a href="core.html#ID-412266927"><code>DocumentType</code></a>
-- no children</li>

<li><a href="core.html#ID-11C98490"><code>EntityReference</code></a> -- <a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a>, <a href="core.html#ID-1004215813"><code>ProcessingInstruction</code></a>,
<a href="core.html#ID-1728279322"><code>Comment</code></a>, <a href="core.html#ID-1312295772"><code>Text</code></a>, <a href="core.html#ID-667469212"><code>CDATASection</code></a>, <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-11C98490"><code>EntityReference</code></a></li>

<li><a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a> -- <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a>, <a href="core.html#ID-1312295772"><code>Text</code></a>, <a href="core.html#ID-1728279322"><code>Comment</code></a>, <a href="core.html#ID-1004215813"><code>ProcessingInstruction</code></a>,
<a href="core.html#ID-667469212"><code>CDATASection</code></a>, <a href="core.html#ID-11C98490"><code>EntityReference</code></a></li>

<li><a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> -- <a href="core.html#ID-1312295772"><code>Text</code></a>, <a href="core.html#ID-11C98490"><code>EntityReference</code></a></li>

<li><a href="core.html#ID-1004215813"><code>ProcessingInstruction</code></a>
-- no children</li>

<li><a href="core.html#ID-1728279322"><code>Comment</code></a> --
no children</li>

<li><a href="core.html#ID-1312295772"><code>Text</code></a> -- no
children</li>

<li><a href="core.html#ID-667469212"><code>CDATASection</code></a>
-- no children</li>

<li><a href="core.html#ID-527DCFF2"><code>Entity</code></a> -- <a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a>, <a href="core.html#ID-1004215813"><code>ProcessingInstruction</code></a>,
<a href="core.html#ID-1728279322"><code>Comment</code></a>, <a href="core.html#ID-1312295772"><code>Text</code></a>, <a href="core.html#ID-667469212"><code>CDATASection</code></a>, <a href="core.html#ID-11C98490"><code>EntityReference</code></a></li>

<li><a href="core.html#ID-5431D1B9"><code>Notation</code></a> -- no
children</li>
</ul>

<p>The DOM also specifies a <a href="core.html#ID-536297177"><code>NodeList</code></a> interface
to handle ordered lists of <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Nodes</code></a>, such as the
children of a <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a>, or the <a href="glossary.html#dt-element"><em>elements</em></a> returned by
the <code>getElementsByTagName</code> method of the <a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a> interface,
and also a <a href="core.html#ID-1780488922"><code>NamedNodeMap</code></a>
interface to handle unordered sets of nodes referenced by their
name attribute, such as the attributes of an <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a>. <a id="td-live" name="td-live"></a> <a href="core.html#ID-536297177"><code>NodeList</code></a> and <a href="core.html#ID-1780488922"><code>NamedNodeMap</code></a>
objects in the DOM are <i>live</i>; that is, changes to the
underlying document structure are reflected in all relevant <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-536297177"><code>NodeList</code></a> and <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-1780488922"><code>NamedNodeMap</code></a>
objects. For example, if a DOM user gets a <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-536297177"><code>NodeList</code></a> object
containing the children of an <a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a>, then
subsequently adds more children to that <a href="glossary.html#dt-element"><em>element</em></a> (or removes
children, or modifies them), those changes are automatically
reflected in the <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-536297177"><code>NodeList</code></a>, without
further action on the user's part. Likewise, changes to a <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a> in the tree
are reflected in all references to that <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a> in <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-536297177"><code>NodeList</code></a> and <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-1780488922"><code>NamedNodeMap</code></a>
objects.</p>

<p>Finally, the interfaces <a href="core.html#ID-1312295772"><code>Text</code></a>, <a href="core.html#ID-1728279322"><code>Comment</code></a>, and <a href="core.html#ID-667469212"><code>CDATASection</code></a> all
inherit from the <a href="core.html#ID-FF21A306"><code>CharacterData</code></a>
interface.</p>
</div>

<!-- div3 ID-1590626202 -->
<div class="div3"><a id="ID-249F15BA" name="ID-249F15BA"></a> 

<h3 id="ID-249F15BA-h3" class="div3">1.1.2. Memory Management</h3>

<p>Most of the APIs defined by this specification are
<em>interfaces</em> rather than classes. That means that an
implementation need only expose methods with the defined names and
specified operation, not implement classes that correspond directly
to the interfaces. This allows the DOM APIs to be implemented as a
thin veneer on top of legacy applications with their own data
structures, or on top of newer applications with different class
hierarchies. This also means that ordinary constructors (in the
Java or C++ sense) cannot be used to create DOM objects, since the
underlying objects to be constructed may have little relationship
to the DOM interfaces. The conventional solution to this in
object-oriented design is to define <em>factory</em> methods that
create instances of objects that implement the various interfaces.
Objects implementing some interface "X" are created by a
"createX()" method on the <a href="core.html#i-Document"><code>Document</code></a> interface;
this is because all DOM objects live in the context of a specific
Document.</p>

<p>The DOM Level 2 API does <em>not</em> define a standard way to
create <a href="core.html#ID-102161490"><code>DOMImplementation</code></a>
objects; DOM implementations must provide some proprietary way of
bootstrapping these DOM interfaces, and then all other objects can
be built from there.</p>

<p>The Core DOM APIs are designed to be compatible with a wide
range of languages, including both general-user scripting languages
and the more challenging languages used mostly by professional
programmers. Thus, the DOM APIs need to operate across a variety of
memory management philosophies, from language bindings that do not
expose memory management to the user at all, through those (notably
Java) that provide explicit constructors but provide an automatic
garbage collection mechanism to automatically reclaim unused
memory, to those (especially C/C++) that generally require the
programmer to explicitly allocate object memory, track where it is
used, and explicitly free it for re-use. To ensure a consistent API
across these platforms, the DOM does not address memory management
issues at all, but instead leaves these for the implementation.
Neither of the explicit language bindings defined by the DOM API
(for <a href="glossary.html#dt-ECMAScript"><em>ECMAScript</em></a>
and Java) require any memory management methods, but DOM bindings
for other languages (especially C or C++) may require such support.
These extensions will be the responsibility of those adapting the
DOM API to a specific language, not the DOM Working Group.</p>
</div>

<!-- div3 ID-249F15BA -->
<div class="div3"><a id="ID-45A944CB" name="ID-45A944CB"></a> 

<h3 id="ID-45A944CB-h3" class="div3">1.1.3. Naming Conventions</h3>

<p>While it would be nice to have attribute and method names that
are short, informative, internally consistent, and familiar to
users of similar APIs, the names also should not clash with the
names in legacy APIs supported by DOM implementations. Furthermore,
both OMG IDL and <code>ECMAScript</code> have significant
limitations in their ability to disambiguate names from different
namespaces that make it difficult to avoid naming conflicts with
short, familiar names. So, DOM names tend to be long and
descriptive in order to be unique across all environments.</p>

<p>The Working Group has also attempted to be internally consistent
in its use of various terms, even though these may not be common
distinctions in other APIs. For example, the DOM API uses the
method name "remove" when the method changes the structural model,
and the method name "delete" when the method gets rid of something
inside the structure model. The thing that is deleted is not
returned. The thing that is removed may be returned, when it makes
sense to return it.</p>
</div>

<!-- div3 ID-45A944CB -->
<div class="div3"><a id="ID-1CED5498" name="ID-1CED5498"></a> 

<h3 id="ID-1CED5498-h3" class="div3">1.1.4. Inheritance vs.
Flattened Views of the API</h3>

<p>The DOM Core <a href="glossary.html#dt-API"><em>APIs</em></a>
present two somewhat different sets of interfaces to an XML/HTML
document: one presenting an "object oriented" approach with a
hierarchy of <a href="glossary.html#dt-inheritance"><em>inheritance</em></a>, and a
"simplified" view that allows all manipulation to be done via the
<a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a> interface
without requiring casts (in Java and other C-like languages) or
query interface calls in <a href="glossary.html#dt-COM"><em>COM</em></a> environments. These
operations are fairly expensive in Java and COM, and the DOM may be
used in performance-critical environments, so we allow significant
functionality using just the <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a> interface.
Because many other users will find the <a href="glossary.html#dt-inheritance"><em>inheritance</em></a>
hierarchy easier to understand than the "everything is a <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a>" approach to
the DOM, we also support the full higher-level interfaces for those
who prefer a more object-oriented <a href="glossary.html#dt-API"><em>API</em></a>.</p>

<p>In practice, this means that there is a certain amount of
redundancy in the <a href="glossary.html#dt-API"><em>API</em></a>.
The Working Group considers the "<a href="glossary.html#dt-inheritance"><em>inheritance</em></a>"
approach the primary view of the API, and the full set of
functionality on <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a> to be "extra"
functionality that users may employ, but that does not eliminate
the need for methods on other interfaces that an object-oriented
analysis would dictate. (Of course, when the O-O analysis yields an
attribute or method that is identical to one on the <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a>
interface, we don't specify a completely redundant one.) Thus, even
though there is a generic <code>nodeName</code> attribute on the <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a>
interface, there is still a <code>tagName</code> attribute on the
<a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a>
interface; these two attributes must contain the same value, but
the it is worthwhile to support both, given the different
constituencies the DOM <a href="glossary.html#dt-API"><em>API</em></a> must satisfy.</p>
</div>

<!-- div3 ID-1CED5498 -->
<div class="div3"><a id="ID-C74D1578" name="ID-C74D1578"></a> 

<h3 id="ID-C74D1578-h3" class="div3">1.1.5. The <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a> type</h3>

<p>To ensure interoperability, the DOM specifies the following:</p>

<ul>
<li>
<dl>
<dt><b>Type Definition <i><a id="DOMString" name="DOMString">DOMString</a></i></b></dt>

<dd>
<p>A <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a> is a
sequence of <a href="glossary.html#dt-16-bit-unit"><em>16-bit
units</em></a>.</p>

<dl>
<dt><br>
<b>IDL Definition</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="idl-code">
<pre>valuetype DOMString sequence&lt;unsigned short&gt;;
</pre>
</div>

<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
</li>

<li>Applications must encode <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a> using UTF-16
(defined in [<a class="noxref" href="references.html#Unicode">Unicode</a>] and Amendment 1 of [<a class="noxref" href="references.html#ISO10646">ISO/IEC
10646</a>]).<br>
The UTF-16 encoding was chosen because of its widespread industry
practice. Note that for both HTML and XML, the document character
set (and therefore the notation of numeric character references) is
based on UCS [ISO-10646]. A single numeric character reference in a
source document may therefore in some cases correspond to two
16-bit units in a <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a> (a high
surrogate and a low surrogate). 

<p><b>Note:</b> Even though the DOM defines the name of the string
type to be <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a>, bindings may
use different names. For example for Java, <a class="noxref" href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a> is bound to
the <code>String</code> type because it also uses UTF-16 as its
encoding.</p>
</li>
</ul>

<p><b>Note:</b> As of August 2000, the OMG IDL specification ([<a class="noxref" href="references.html#OMGIDL">OMGIDL</a>]) included
a <code>wstring</code> type. However, that definition did not meet
the interoperability criteria of the DOM <a href="glossary.html#dt-API"><em>API</em></a> since it relied on
negotiation to decide the width and encoding of a character.</p>
</div>

<!-- div3 ID-C74D1578 -->
<div class="div3"><a id="Core-DOMTimeStamp" name="Core-DOMTimeStamp"></a> 

<h3 id="Core-DOMTimeStamp-h3" class="div3">1.1.6. The <a href="core.html#DOMTimeStamp"><code>DOMTimeStamp</code></a>
type</h3>

<p>To ensure interoperability, the DOM specifies the following:</p>

<ul>
<li>
<dl>
<dt><b>Type Definition <i><a id="DOMTimeStamp" name="DOMTimeStamp">DOMTimeStamp</a></i></b></dt>

<dd>
<p>A <a href="core.html#DOMTimeStamp"><code>DOMTimeStamp</code></a>
represents a number of milliseconds.</p>

<dl>
<dt><br>
<b>IDL Definition</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="idl-code">
<pre>typedef unsigned long long DOMTimeStamp;
</pre>
</div>

<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
</li>

<li>
<p><b>Note:</b> Even though the DOM uses the type <a href="core.html#DOMTimeStamp"><code>DOMTimeStamp</code></a>,
bindings may use different types. For example for Java, <a class="noxref" href="core.html#DOMTimeStamp"><code>DOMTimeStamp</code></a> is
bound to the <code>long</code> type. In ECMAScript,
<code>TimeStamp</code> is bound to the <code>Date</code> type
because the range of the <code>integer</code> type is too
small.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>

<!-- div3 Core-DOMTimeStamp -->
<div class="div3"><a id="ID-5DFED1F0" name="ID-5DFED1F0"></a> 

<h3 id="ID-5DFED1F0-h3" class="div3">1.1.7. String comparisons in
the DOM</h3>

<p>The DOM has many interfaces that imply string matching. HTML
processors generally assume an uppercase (less often, lowercase)
normalization of names for such things as <a href="glossary.html#dt-element"><em>elements</em></a>, while XML is
explicitly case sensitive. For the purposes of the DOM, string
matching is performed purely by binary <a href="glossary.html#dt-string-compare"><em>comparison</em></a> of
the <a href="glossary.html#dt-16-bit-unit"><em>16-bit
units</em></a> of the <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a>. In addition,
the DOM assumes that any case normalizations take place in the
processor, <em>before</em> the DOM structures are built.</p>

<p><b>Note:</b> Besides case folding, there are additional
normalizations that can be applied to text. The W3C I18N Working
Group is in the process of defining exactly which normalizations
are necessary, and where they should be applied. The W3C I18N
Working Group expects to require early normalization, which means
that data read into the DOM is assumed to already be normalized.
The DOM and applications built on top of it in this case only have
to assure that text remains normalized when being changed. For
further details, please see [<a class="noxref" href="references.html#Charmod">Charmod</a>].</p>
</div>

<!-- div3 ID-5DFED1F0 -->
<div class="div3"><a id="Namespaces-Considerations" name="Namespaces-Considerations"></a> 

<h3 id="Namespaces-Considerations-h3" class="div3">1.1.8. XML
Namespaces</h3>

<p>The DOM Level 2 supports XML namespaces [<a class="noxref" href="references.html#Namespaces">Namespaces</a>] by augmenting
several interfaces of the DOM Level 1 Core to allow creating and
manipulating <a href="glossary.html#dt-element"><em>elements</em></a> and
attributes associated to a namespace.</p>

<p>As far as the DOM is concerned, special attributes used for
declaring <a href="glossary.html#dt-XML-namespace"><em>XML
namespaces</em></a> are still exposed and can be manipulated just
like any other attribute. However, nodes are permanently bound to
<a href="glossary.html#dt-namespaceURI"><em>namespace URIs</em></a>
as they get created. Consequently, moving a node within a document,
using the DOM, in no case results in a change of its <a href="glossary.html#dt-namespaceprefix"><em>namespace
prefix</em></a> or namespace URI. Similarly, creating a node with a
namespace prefix and namespace URI, or changing the namespace
prefix of a node, does not result in any addition, removal, or
modification of any special attributes for declaring the
appropriate XML namespaces. Namespace validation is not enforced;
the DOM application is responsible. In particular, since the
mapping between prefixes and namespace URIs is not enforced, in
general, the resulting document cannot be serialized naively. For
example, applications may have to declare every namespace in use
when serializing a document.</p>

<p>DOM Level 2 doesn't perform any URI normalization or
canonicalization. The URIs given to the DOM are assumed to be valid
(e.g., characters such as whitespaces are properly escaped), and no
lexical checking is performed. Absolute URI references are treated
as strings and <a href="glossary.html#dt-string-compare"><em>compared
literally</em></a>. How relative namespace URI references are
treated is undefined. To ensure interoperability only absolute
namespace URI references (i.e., URI references beginning with a
scheme name and a colon) should be used. Note that because the DOM
does no lexical checking, the empty string will be treated as a
real namespace URI in DOM Level 2 methods. Applications must use
the value <code>null</code> as the namespaceURI parameter for
methods if they wish to have no namespace.</p>

<p><b>Note:</b> In the DOM, all namespace declaration attributes
are <em>by definition</em> bound to the namespace URI: "<a href="http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/">http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/</a>".
These are the attributes whose <a href="glossary.html#dt-namespaceprefix"><em>namespace
prefix</em></a> or <a href="glossary.html#dt-qualifiedname"><em>qualified name</em></a>
is "xmlns". Although, at the time of writing, this is not part of
the XML Namespaces specification [<a class="noxref" href="references.html#Namespaces">Namespaces</a>], it is planned to
be incorporated in a future revision.</p>

<p>In a document with no namespaces, the <a href="glossary.html#dt-child"><em>child</em></a> list of an <a href="core.html#ID-11C98490"><code>EntityReference</code></a> node
is always the same as that of the corresponding <a href="core.html#ID-527DCFF2"><code>Entity</code></a>. This is not
true in a document where an entity contains unbound <a href="glossary.html#dt-namespaceprefix"><em>namespace
prefixes</em></a>. In such a case, the <a href="glossary.html#dt-descendant"><em>descendants</em></a> of the
corresponding <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-11C98490"><code>EntityReference</code></a> nodes
may be bound to different <a href="glossary.html#dt-namespaceURI"><em>namespace URIs</em></a>,
depending on where the entity references are. Also, because, in the
DOM, nodes always remain bound to the same namespace URI, moving
such <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-11C98490"><code>EntityReference</code></a> nodes
can lead to documents that cannot be serialized. This is also true
when the DOM Level 1 method <code>createEntityReference</code> of
the <a href="core.html#i-Document"><code>Document</code></a>
interface is used to create entity references that correspond to
such entities, since the <a href="glossary.html#dt-descendant"><em>descendants</em></a> of the
returned <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-11C98490"><code>EntityReference</code></a> are
unbound. The DOM Level 2 does not support any mechanism to resolve
namespace prefixes. For all of these reasons, use of such entities
and entity references should be avoided or used with extreme care.
A future Level of the DOM may include some additional support for
handling these.</p>

<p>The new methods, such as <code>createElementNS</code> and
<code>createAttributeNS</code> of the <a href="core.html#i-Document"><code>Document</code></a> interface,
are meant to be used by namespace aware applications. Simple
applications that do not use namespaces can use the DOM Level 1
methods, such as <code>createElement</code> and
<code>createAttribute</code>. Elements and attributes created in
this way do not have any namespace prefix, namespace URI, or local
name.</p>

<p><b>Note:</b> DOM Level 1 methods are namespace ignorant.
Therefore, while it is safe to use these methods when not dealing
with namespaces, using them and the new ones at the same time
should be avoided. DOM Level 1 methods solely identify attribute
nodes by their <code>nodeName</code>. On the contrary, the DOM
Level 2 methods related to namespaces, identify attribute nodes by
their <code>namespaceURI</code> and <code>localName</code>. Because
of this fundamental difference, mixing both sets of methods can
lead to unpredictable results. In particular, using
<code>setAttributeNS</code>, an <a href="glossary.html#dt-element"><em>element</em></a> may have two
attributes (or more) that have the same <code>nodeName</code>, but
different <code>namespaceURI</code>s. Calling
<code>getAttribute</code> with that <code>nodeName</code> could
then return any of those attributes. The result depends on the
implementation. Similarly, using <code>setAttributeNode</code>, one
can set two attributes (or more) that have different
<code>nodeNames</code> but the same <code>prefix</code> and
<code>namespaceURI</code>. In this case
<code>getAttributeNodeNS</code> will return either attribute, in an
implementation dependent manner. The only guarantee in such cases
is that all methods that access a named item by its
<code>nodeName</code> will access the same item, and all methods
which access a node by its URI and local name will access the same
node. For instance, <code>setAttribute</code> and
<code>setAttributeNS</code> affect the node that
<code>getAttribute</code> and <code>getAttributeNS</code>,
respectively, return.</p>
</div>

<!-- div3 Namespaces-Considerations --></div>

<!-- div2 ID-1590626201 -->
<div class="div2"><a id="ID-BBACDC08" name="ID-BBACDC08"></a> 

<h2 id="ID-BBACDC08-h2" class="div2">1.2. Fundamental
Interfaces</h2>

<p>The interfaces within this section are considered
<em>fundamental</em>, and must be fully implemented by all
conforming implementations of the DOM, including all HTML DOM
implementations [<a class="noxref" href="references.html#DOMHTML-inf">DOM Level 2 HTML</a>], unless
otherwise specified.</p>

<p>A DOM application may use the <code>hasFeature(feature,
version)</code> method of the <a href="core.html#ID-102161490"><code>DOMImplementation</code></a>
interface with parameter values "Core" and "2.0" (respectively) to
determine whether or not this module is supported by the
implementation. Any implementation that conforms to DOM Level 2 or
a DOM Level 2 module must conform to the Core module. Please refer
to additional information about <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-2-Core/introduction.html#ID-Conformance">
<em>conformance</em></a> in this specification.</p>

<dl>
<dt><b>Exception <i><a id="ID-17189187" name="ID-17189187">DOMException</a></i></b></dt>

<dd>
<p>DOM operations only raise exceptions in "exceptional"
circumstances, i.e., when an operation is impossible to perform
(either for logical reasons, because data is lost, or because the
implementation has become unstable). In general, DOM methods return
specific error values in ordinary processing situations, such as
out-of-bound errors when using <a href="core.html#ID-536297177"><code>NodeList</code></a>.</p>

<p>Implementations should raise other exceptions under other
circumstances. For example, implementations should raise an
implementation-dependent exception if a <code>null</code> argument
is passed.</p>

<p>Some languages and object systems do not support the concept of
exceptions. For such systems, error conditions may be indicated
using native error reporting mechanisms. For some bindings, for
example, methods may return error codes similar to those listed in
the corresponding method descriptions.</p>

<dl>
<dt><br>
<b>IDL Definition</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="idl-code">
<pre>exception DOMException {
  unsigned short   code;
};
// ExceptionCode
const unsigned short      INDEX_SIZE_ERR                 = 1;
const unsigned short      DOMSTRING_SIZE_ERR             = 2;
const unsigned short      HIERARCHY_REQUEST_ERR          = 3;
const unsigned short      WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR             = 4;
const unsigned short      INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR          = 5;
const unsigned short      NO_DATA_ALLOWED_ERR            = 6;
const unsigned short      NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR    = 7;
const unsigned short      NOT_FOUND_ERR                  = 8;
const unsigned short      NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR              = 9;
const unsigned short      INUSE_ATTRIBUTE_ERR            = 10;
// Introduced in DOM Level 2:
const unsigned short      INVALID_STATE_ERR              = 11;
// Introduced in DOM Level 2:
const unsigned short      SYNTAX_ERR                     = 12;
// Introduced in DOM Level 2:
const unsigned short      INVALID_MODIFICATION_ERR       = 13;
// Introduced in DOM Level 2:
const unsigned short      NAMESPACE_ERR                  = 14;
// Introduced in DOM Level 2:
const unsigned short      INVALID_ACCESS_ERR             = 15;
</pre>
</div>

<br>
</dd>

<dt><b>Definition group <i><a id="ID-258A00AF" name="ID-258A00AF">ExceptionCode</a></i></b></dt>

<dd>
<p>An integer indicating the type of error generated.</p>

<p><b>Note:</b> Other numeric codes are reserved for W3C for
possible future use.</p>

<dl>
<dt><b>Defined Constants</b></dt>

<dd>
<dl>
<dt><code class="constant-name">DOMSTRING_SIZE_ERR</code></dt>

<dd>If the specified range of text does not fit into a
DOMString</dd>

<dt><code class="constant-name">HIERARCHY_REQUEST_ERR</code></dt>

<dd>If any node is inserted somewhere it doesn't belong</dd>

<dt><code class="constant-name">INDEX_SIZE_ERR</code></dt>

<dd>If index or size is negative, or greater than the allowed
value</dd>

<dt><code class="constant-name">INUSE_ATTRIBUTE_ERR</code></dt>

<dd>If an attempt is made to add an attribute that is already in
use elsewhere</dd>

<dt><code class="constant-name">INVALID_ACCESS_ERR</code>,
introduced in <b class="version">DOM Level 2</b>.</dt>

<dd>If a parameter or an operation is not supported by the
underlying object.</dd>

<dt><code class="constant-name">INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR</code></dt>

<dd>If an invalid or illegal character is specified, such as in a
name. See <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-xml-19980210#NT-Char"><em>production
2</em></a> in the XML specification for the definition of a legal
character, and <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-xml-19980210#NT-Name"><em>production
5</em></a> for the definition of a legal name character.</dd>

<dt><code class="constant-name">INVALID_MODIFICATION_ERR</code>,
introduced in <b class="version">DOM Level 2</b>.</dt>

<dd>If an attempt is made to modify the type of the underlying
object.</dd>

<dt><code class="constant-name">INVALID_STATE_ERR</code>,
introduced in <b class="version">DOM Level 2</b>.</dt>

<dd>If an attempt is made to use an object that is not, or is no
longer, usable.</dd>

<dt><code class="constant-name">NAMESPACE_ERR</code>, introduced in
<b class="version">DOM Level 2</b>.</dt>

<dd>If an attempt is made to create or change an object in a way
which is incorrect with regard to namespaces.</dd>

<dt><code class="constant-name">NOT_FOUND_ERR</code></dt>

<dd>If an attempt is made to reference a node in a context where it
does not exist</dd>

<dt><code class="constant-name">NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR</code></dt>

<dd>If the implementation does not support the requested type of
object or operation.</dd>

<dt><code class="constant-name">NO_DATA_ALLOWED_ERR</code></dt>

<dd>If data is specified for a node which does not support
data</dd>

<dt><code class="constant-name">NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR</code></dt>

<dd>If an attempt is made to modify an object where modifications
are not allowed</dd>

<dt><code class="constant-name">SYNTAX_ERR</code>, introduced in <b class="version">DOM Level 2</b>.</dt>

<dd>If an invalid or illegal string is specified.</dd>

<dt><code class="constant-name">WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR</code></dt>

<dd>If a node is used in a different document than the one that
created it (that doesn't support it)</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>

<dt><b>Interface <i><a id="ID-102161490" name="ID-102161490">DOMImplementation</a></i></b></dt>

<dd>
<p>The <code>DOMImplementation</code> interface provides a number
of methods for performing operations that are independent of any
particular instance of the document object model.</p>

<dl>
<dt><br>
<b>IDL Definition</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="idl-code">
<pre>interface DOMImplementation {
  boolean            hasFeature(in DOMString feature, 
                                in DOMString version);
  // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
  DocumentType       createDocumentType(in DOMString qualifiedName, 
                                        in DOMString publicId, 
                                        in DOMString systemId)
                                        raises(DOMException);
  // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
  Document           createDocument(in DOMString namespaceURI, 
                                    in DOMString qualifiedName, 
                                    in DocumentType doctype)
                                        raises(DOMException);
};
</pre>
</div>

<br>
</dd>

<dt><b>Methods</b></dt>

<dd>
<dl>
<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="Level-2-Core-DOM-createDocument" name="Level-2-Core-DOM-createDocument">createDocument</a></code>
introduced in <b class="since">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Creates an XML <a href="core.html#i-Document"><code>Document</code></a> object of the
specified type with its document element. HTML-only DOM
implementations do not need to implement this method. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">namespaceURI</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-namespaceURI"><em>namespace
URI</em></a> of the document element to create.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">qualifiedName</code> of type <a class="noxref" href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-qualifiedname"><em>qualified
name</em></a> of the document element to be created.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">doctype</code> of type <a href="core.html#ID-412266927"><code>DocumentType</code></a></dt>

<dd>The type of document to be created or <code>null</code>.<br>
When <code>doctype</code> is not <code>null</code>, its <a href="core.html#node-ownerDoc"><code>Node.ownerDocument</code></a>
attribute is set to the document being created.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#i-Document"><code>Document</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>A new <a class="noxref" href="core.html#i-Document"><code>Document</code></a> object.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR: Raised if the specified qualified name
contains an illegal character.</p>

<p>NAMESPACE_ERR: Raised if the <code>qualifiedName</code> is
malformed, if the <code>qualifiedName</code> has a prefix and the
<code>namespaceURI</code> is <code>null</code>, or if the
<code>qualifiedName</code> has a prefix that is "xml" and the
<code>namespaceURI</code> is different from "<a href="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace">http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace</a>"
[<a class="noxref" href="references.html#Namespaces">Namespaces</a>].</p>

<p>WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR: Raised if <code>doctype</code> has already
been used with a different document or was created from a different
implementation.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="Level-2-Core-DOM-createDocType" name="Level-2-Core-DOM-createDocType">createDocumentType</a></code>
introduced in <b class="since">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Creates an empty <a href="core.html#ID-412266927"><code>DocumentType</code></a> node.
Entity declarations and notations are not made available. Entity
reference expansions and default attribute additions do not occur.
It is expected that a future version of the DOM will provide a way
for populating a <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-412266927"><code>DocumentType</code></a>.<br>
HTML-only DOM implementations do not need to implement this method.


<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">qualifiedName</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-qualifiedname"><em>qualified
name</em></a> of the document type to be created.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">publicId</code> of type <a class="noxref" href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The external subset public identifier.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">systemId</code> of type <a class="noxref" href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The external subset system identifier.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-412266927"><code>DocumentType</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>A new <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-412266927"><code>DocumentType</code></a> node
with <a href="core.html#node-ownerDoc"><code>Node.ownerDocument</code></a>
set to <code>null</code>.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR: Raised if the specified qualified name
contains an illegal character.</p>

<p>NAMESPACE_ERR: Raised if the <code>qualifiedName</code> is
malformed.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-5CED94D7" name="ID-5CED94D7">hasFeature</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Test if the DOM implementation implements a
specific feature. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">feature</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The name of the feature to test (case-insensitive). The values
used by DOM features are defined throughout the DOM Level 2
specifications and listed in the <a href="introduction.html#ID-Conformance">Conformance</a> section.
The name must be an <a href="glossary.html#dt-XML-name"><em>XML
name</em></a>. To avoid possible conflicts, as a convention, names
referring to features defined outside the DOM specification should
be made unique by reversing the name of the Internet domain name of
the person (or the organization that the person belongs to) who
defines the feature, component by component, and using this as a
prefix. For instance, the W3C SVG Working Group defines the feature
"org.w3c.dom.svg".<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">version</code> of type <a class="noxref" href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>This is the version number of the feature to test. In Level 2,
the string can be either "2.0" or "1.0". If the version is not
specified, supporting any version of the feature causes the method
to return <code>true</code>.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><code>boolean</code></p>
</td>
<td>
<p><code>true</code> if the feature is implemented in the specified
version, <code>false</code> otherwise.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div><b>No Exceptions</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>

<dt><b>Interface <i><a id="ID-B63ED1A3" name="ID-B63ED1A3">DocumentFragment</a></i></b></dt>

<dd>
<p><code>DocumentFragment</code> is a "lightweight" or "minimal" <a href="core.html#i-Document"><code>Document</code></a> object. It is
very common to want to be able to extract a portion of a document's
tree or to create a new fragment of a document. Imagine
implementing a user command like cut or rearranging a document by
moving fragments around. It is desirable to have an object which
can hold such fragments and it is quite natural to use a Node for
this purpose. While it is true that a <a class="noxref" href="core.html#i-Document"><code>Document</code></a> object could
fulfill this role, a <a class="noxref" href="core.html#i-Document"><code>Document</code></a> object can
potentially be a heavyweight object, depending on the underlying
implementation. What is really needed for this is a very
lightweight object. <code>DocumentFragment</code> is such an
object.</p>

<p>Furthermore, various operations -- such as inserting nodes as
children of another <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a> -- may take
<code>DocumentFragment</code> objects as arguments; this results in
all the child nodes of the <code>DocumentFragment</code> being
moved to the child list of this node.</p>

<p>The children of a <code>DocumentFragment</code> node are zero or
more nodes representing the tops of any sub-trees defining the
structure of the document. <code>DocumentFragment</code> nodes do
not need to be <a href="glossary.html#dt-well-formed"><em>well-formed XML
documents</em></a> (although they do need to follow the rules
imposed upon well-formed XML parsed entities, which can have
multiple top nodes). For example, a <code>DocumentFragment</code>
might have only one child and that child node could be a <a href="core.html#ID-1312295772"><code>Text</code></a> node. Such a
structure model represents neither an HTML document nor a
well-formed XML document.</p>

<p>When a <code>DocumentFragment</code> is inserted into a <a href="core.html#i-Document"><code>Document</code></a> (or indeed
any other <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a>
that may take children) the children of the
<code>DocumentFragment</code> and not the
<code>DocumentFragment</code> itself are inserted into the <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a>. This makes
the <code>DocumentFragment</code> very useful when the user wishes
to create nodes that are <a href="glossary.html#dt-sibling"><em>siblings</em></a>; the
<code>DocumentFragment</code> acts as the parent of these nodes so
that the user can use the standard methods from the <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a>
interface, such as <code>insertBefore</code> and
<code>appendChild</code>.</p>

<dl>
<dt><br>
<b>IDL Definition</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="idl-code">
<pre>interface DocumentFragment : Node {
};
</pre>
</div>

<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>

<dt><b>Interface <i><a id="i-Document" name="i-Document">Document</a></i></b></dt>

<dd>
<p>The <code>Document</code> interface represents the entire HTML
or XML document. Conceptually, it is the <a href="glossary.html#dt-root-node"><em>root</em></a> of the document
tree, and provides the primary access to the document's data.</p>

<p>Since elements, text nodes, comments, processing instructions,
etc. cannot exist outside the context of a <code>Document</code>,
the <code>Document</code> interface also contains the factory
methods needed to create these objects. The <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a> objects
created have a <code>ownerDocument</code> attribute which
associates them with the <code>Document</code> within whose context
they were created.</p>

<dl>
<dt><br>
<b>IDL Definition</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="idl-code">
<pre>interface Document : Node {
  readonly attribute DocumentType     doctype;
  readonly attribute DOMImplementation  implementation;
  readonly attribute Element          documentElement;
  Element            createElement(in DOMString tagName)
                                        raises(DOMException);
  DocumentFragment   createDocumentFragment();
  Text               createTextNode(in DOMString data);
  Comment            createComment(in DOMString data);
  CDATASection       createCDATASection(in DOMString data)
                                        raises(DOMException);
  ProcessingInstruction createProcessingInstruction(in DOMString target, 
                                                    in DOMString data)
                                        raises(DOMException);
  Attr               createAttribute(in DOMString name)
                                        raises(DOMException);
  EntityReference    createEntityReference(in DOMString name)
                                        raises(DOMException);
  NodeList           getElementsByTagName(in DOMString tagname);
  // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
  Node               importNode(in Node importedNode, 
                                in boolean deep)
                                        raises(DOMException);
  // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
  Element            createElementNS(in DOMString namespaceURI, 
                                     in DOMString qualifiedName)
                                        raises(DOMException);
  // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
  Attr               createAttributeNS(in DOMString namespaceURI, 
                                       in DOMString qualifiedName)
                                        raises(DOMException);
  // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
  NodeList           getElementsByTagNameNS(in DOMString namespaceURI, 
                                            in DOMString localName);
  // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
  Element            getElementById(in DOMString elementId);
};
</pre>
</div>

<br>
</dd>

<dt><b>Attributes</b></dt>

<dd>
<dl>
<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-B63ED1A31" name="ID-B63ED1A31">doctype</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#ID-412266927"><code>DocumentType</code></a>,
readonly</dt>

<dd>The Document Type Declaration (see <a href="core.html#ID-412266927"><code>DocumentType</code></a>)
associated with this document. For HTML documents as well as XML
documents without a document type declaration this returns
<code>null</code>. The DOM Level 2 does not support editing the
Document Type Declaration. <code>docType</code> cannot be altered
in any way, including through the use of methods inherited from the
<a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a> interface,
such as <code>insertNode</code> or <code>removeNode</code>.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-87CD092" name="ID-87CD092">documentElement</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a>,
readonly</dt>

<dd>This is a <a href="glossary.html#dt-convenience"><em>convenience</em></a>
attribute that allows direct access to the child node that is the
root element of the document. For HTML documents, this is the
element with the tagName "HTML".<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-1B793EBA" name="ID-1B793EBA">implementation</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#ID-102161490"><code>DOMImplementation</code></a>,
readonly</dt>

<dd>The <a href="core.html#ID-102161490"><code>DOMImplementation</code></a>
object that handles this document. A DOM application may use
objects from multiple implementations.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>

<dt><b>Methods</b></dt>

<dd>
<dl>
<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-1084891198" name="ID-1084891198">createAttribute</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Creates an <a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> of the given
name. Note that the <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> instance can
then be set on an <a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a> using the
<code>setAttributeNode</code> method.<br>
To create an attribute with a qualified name and namespace URI, use
the <code>createAttributeNS</code> method. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">name</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The name of the attribute.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>A new <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> object with the
<code>nodeName</code> attribute set to <code>name</code>, and
<code>localName</code>, <code>prefix</code>, and
<code>namespaceURI</code> set to <code>null</code>. The value of
the attribute is the empty string.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR: Raised if the specified name contains an
illegal character.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-DocCrAttrNS" name="ID-DocCrAttrNS">createAttributeNS</a></code> introduced in <b class="since">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Creates an attribute of the given qualified
name and namespace URI. HTML-only DOM implementations do not need
to implement this method. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">namespaceURI</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-namespaceURI"><em>namespace
URI</em></a> of the attribute to create.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">qualifiedName</code> of type <a class="noxref" href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-qualifiedname"><em>qualified
name</em></a> of the attribute to instantiate.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>A new <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> object with the
following attributes:</p>

<table border="1" summary="Layout table: the first cell the name property, the second cell contains his initial value">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Attribute</th>
<th>Value</th>
</tr>

<tr>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><a href="core.html#ID-F68D095"><code>Node.nodeName</code></a></td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">qualifiedName</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><a href="core.html#ID-NodeNSname"><code>Node.namespaceURI</code></a></td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<code>namespaceURI</code></td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><a href="core.html#ID-NodeNSPrefix"><code>Node.prefix</code></a></td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">prefix, extracted from
<code>qualifiedName</code>, or <code>null</code> if there is no
prefix</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><a href="core.html#ID-NodeNSLocalN"><code>Node.localName</code></a></td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><a class="noxref" href="glossary.html#dt-localname"><em>local name</em></a>,
extracted from <code>qualifiedName</code></td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><a href="core.html#ID-1112119403"><code>Attr.name</code></a></td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<code>qualifiedName</code></td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><a href="core.html#ID-F68D080"><code>Node.nodeValue</code></a></td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">the empty string</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR: Raised if the specified qualified name
contains an illegal character.</p>

<p>NAMESPACE_ERR: Raised if the <code>qualifiedName</code> is
malformed, if the <code>qualifiedName</code> has a prefix and the
<code>namespaceURI</code> is <code>null</code>, if the
<code>qualifiedName</code> has a prefix that is "xml" and the
<code>namespaceURI</code> is different from "<a href="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace">http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace</a>",
or if the <code>qualifiedName</code> is "xmlns" and the
<code>namespaceURI</code> is different from "<a href="http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/">http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/</a>".</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-D26C0AF8" name="ID-D26C0AF8">createCDATASection</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Creates a <a href="core.html#ID-667469212"><code>CDATASection</code></a> node
whose value is the specified string. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">data</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The data for the <a href="core.html#ID-667469212"><code>CDATASection</code></a>
contents.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-667469212"><code>CDATASection</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The new <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-667469212"><code>CDATASection</code></a>
object.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR: Raised if this document is an HTML
document.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-1334481328" name="ID-1334481328">createComment</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Creates a <a href="core.html#ID-1728279322"><code>Comment</code></a> node given
the specified string. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">data</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The data for the node.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-1728279322"><code>Comment</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The new <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-1728279322"><code>Comment</code></a> object.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div><b>No Exceptions</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-35CB04B5" name="ID-35CB04B5">createDocumentFragment</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Creates an empty <a href="core.html#ID-B63ED1A3"><code>DocumentFragment</code></a>
object. 

<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-B63ED1A3"><code>DocumentFragment</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>A new <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-B63ED1A3"><code>DocumentFragment</code></a>.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div><b>No Parameters</b></div>

<div><b>No Exceptions</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-2141741547" name="ID-2141741547">createElement</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Creates an element of the type specified. Note
that the instance returned implements the <a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a> interface,
so attributes can be specified directly on the returned
object.<br>
In addition, if there are known attributes with default values, <a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> nodes
representing them are automatically created and attached to the
element.<br>
To create an element with a qualified name and namespace URI, use
the <code>createElementNS</code> method. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">tagName</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The name of the element type to instantiate. For XML, this is
case-sensitive. For HTML, the <code>tagName</code> parameter may be
provided in any case, but it must be mapped to the canonical
uppercase form by the DOM implementation.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>A new <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a> object with
the <code>nodeName</code> attribute set to <code>tagName</code>,
and <code>localName</code>, <code>prefix</code>, and
<code>namespaceURI</code> set to <code>null</code>.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR: Raised if the specified name contains an
illegal character.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-DocCrElNS" name="ID-DocCrElNS">createElementNS</a></code> introduced in <b class="since">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Creates an element of the given qualified name
and namespace URI. HTML-only DOM implementations do not need to
implement this method. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">namespaceURI</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-namespaceURI"><em>namespace
URI</em></a> of the element to create.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">qualifiedName</code> of type <a class="noxref" href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-qualifiedname"><em>qualified
name</em></a> of the element type to instantiate.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>A new <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a> object with
the following attributes:</p>

<table border="1" summary="Layout table: the first cell the name property, the second cell contains his initial value">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Attribute</th>
<th>Value</th>
</tr>

<tr>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><a href="core.html#ID-F68D095"><code>Node.nodeName</code></a></td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<code>qualifiedName</code></td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><a href="core.html#ID-NodeNSname"><code>Node.namespaceURI</code></a></td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<code>namespaceURI</code></td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><a href="core.html#ID-NodeNSPrefix"><code>Node.prefix</code></a></td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">prefix, extracted from
<code>qualifiedName</code>, or <code>null</code> if there is no
prefix</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><a href="core.html#ID-NodeNSLocalN"><code>Node.localName</code></a></td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><a class="noxref" href="glossary.html#dt-localname"><em>local name</em></a>,
extracted from <code>qualifiedName</code></td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><a href="core.html#ID-104682815"><code>Element.tagName</code></a></td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">
<code>qualifiedName</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR: Raised if the specified qualified name
contains an illegal character.</p>

<p>NAMESPACE_ERR: Raised if the <code>qualifiedName</code> is
malformed, if the <code>qualifiedName</code> has a prefix and the
<code>namespaceURI</code> is <code>null</code>, or if the
<code>qualifiedName</code> has a prefix that is "xml" and the
<code>namespaceURI</code> is different from "<a href="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace">http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace</a>"
[<a class="noxref" href="references.html#Namespaces">Namespaces</a>].</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-392B75AE" name="ID-392B75AE">createEntityReference</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Creates an <a href="core.html#ID-11C98490"><code>EntityReference</code></a>
object. In addition, if the referenced entity is known, the child
list of the <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-11C98490"><code>EntityReference</code></a> node
is made the same as that of the corresponding <a href="core.html#ID-527DCFF2"><code>Entity</code></a> node. 

<p><b>Note:</b> If any descendant of the <a href="core.html#ID-527DCFF2"><code>Entity</code></a> node has an
unbound <a href="glossary.html#dt-namespaceprefix"><em>namespace
prefix</em></a>, the corresponding descendant of the created <a href="core.html#ID-11C98490"><code>EntityReference</code></a> node
is also unbound; (its <code>namespaceURI</code> is
<code>null</code>). The DOM Level 2 does not support any mechanism
to resolve namespace prefixes.</p>

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">name</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The name of the entity to reference.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-11C98490"><code>EntityReference</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The new <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-11C98490"><code>EntityReference</code></a>
object.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR: Raised if the specified name contains an
illegal character.</p>

<p>NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR: Raised if this document is an HTML
document.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-135944439" name="ID-135944439">createProcessingInstruction</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Creates a <a href="core.html#ID-1004215813"><code>ProcessingInstruction</code></a>
node given the specified name and data strings. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">target</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The target part of the processing instruction.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">data</code> of type <a class="noxref" href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The data for the node.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-1004215813"><code>ProcessingInstruction</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The new <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-1004215813"><code>ProcessingInstruction</code></a>
object.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR: Raised if the specified target contains
an illegal character.</p>

<p>NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR: Raised if this document is an HTML
document.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-1975348127" name="ID-1975348127">createTextNode</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Creates a <a href="core.html#ID-1312295772"><code>Text</code></a> node given the
specified string. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">data</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The data for the node.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-1312295772"><code>Text</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The new <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-1312295772"><code>Text</code></a> object.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div><b>No Exceptions</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-getElBId" name="ID-getElBId">getElementById</a></code> introduced in <b class="since">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Returns the <a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a> whose
<code>ID</code> is given by <code>elementId</code>. If no such
element exists, returns <code>null</code>. Behavior is not defined
if more than one element has this <code>ID</code>. 

<p><b>Note:</b> The DOM implementation must have information that
says which attributes are of type ID. Attributes with the name "ID"
are not of type ID unless so defined. Implementations that do not
know whether attributes are of type ID or not are expected to
return <code>null</code>.</p>

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">elementId</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The unique <code>id</code> value for an element.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The matching element.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div><b>No Exceptions</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-A6C9094" name="ID-A6C9094">getElementsByTagName</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Returns a <a href="core.html#ID-536297177"><code>NodeList</code></a> of all the
<a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Elements</code></a> with a
given tag name in the order in which they are encountered in a
preorder traversal of the <code>Document</code> tree. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">tagname</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The name of the tag to match on. The special value "*" matches
all tags.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-536297177"><code>NodeList</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>A new <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-536297177"><code>NodeList</code></a> object
containing all the matched <a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Elements</code></a>.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div><b>No Exceptions</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-getElBTNNS" name="ID-getElBTNNS">getElementsByTagNameNS</a></code> introduced
in <b class="since">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Returns a <a href="core.html#ID-536297177"><code>NodeList</code></a> of all the
<a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Elements</code></a> with a
given <a href="glossary.html#dt-localname"><em>local name</em></a>
and namespace URI in the order in which they are encountered in a
preorder traversal of the <code>Document</code> tree. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">namespaceURI</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-namespaceURI"><em>namespace
URI</em></a> of the elements to match on. The special value "*"
matches all namespaces.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">localName</code> of type <a class="noxref" href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-localname"><em>local
name</em></a> of the elements to match on. The special value "*"
matches all local names.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-536297177"><code>NodeList</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>A new <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-536297177"><code>NodeList</code></a> object
containing all the matched <a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Elements</code></a>.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div><b>No Exceptions</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="Core-Document-importNode" name="Core-Document-importNode">importNode</a></code> introduced in
<b class="since">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Imports a node from another document to this
document. The returned node has no parent; (<code>parentNode</code>
is <code>null</code>). The source node is not altered or removed
from the original document; this method creates a new copy of the
source node.<br>
For all nodes, importing a node creates a node object owned by the
importing document, with attribute values identical to the source
node's <code>nodeName</code> and <code>nodeType</code>, plus the
attributes related to namespaces (<code>prefix</code>,
<code>localName</code>, and <code>namespaceURI</code>). As in the
<code>cloneNode</code> operation on a <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a>, the source
node is not altered.<br>
Additional information is copied as appropriate to the
<code>nodeType</code>, attempting to mirror the behavior expected
if a fragment of XML or HTML source was copied from one document to
another, recognizing that the two documents may have different DTDs
in the XML case. The following list describes the specifics for
each type of node. 

<dl>
<dt><b>ATTRIBUTE_NODE</b></dt>

<dd>The <code>ownerElement</code> attribute is set to
<code>null</code> and the <code>specified</code> flag is set to
<code>true</code> on the generated <a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a>. The <a href="glossary.html#dt-descendant"><em>descendants</em></a> of the
source <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> are recursively
imported and the resulting nodes reassembled to form the
corresponding subtree.<br>
Note that the <code>deep</code> parameter has no effect on <a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> nodes; they
always carry their children with them when imported.</dd>

<dt><b>DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE</b></dt>

<dd>If the <code>deep</code> option was set to <code>true</code>,
the <a href="glossary.html#dt-descendant"><em>descendants</em></a>
of the source element are recursively imported and the resulting
nodes reassembled to form the corresponding subtree. Otherwise,
this simply generates an empty <a href="core.html#ID-B63ED1A3"><code>DocumentFragment</code></a>.</dd>

<dt><b>DOCUMENT_NODE</b></dt>

<dd><code>Document</code> nodes cannot be imported.</dd>

<dt><b>DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE</b></dt>

<dd><a href="core.html#ID-412266927"><code>DocumentType</code></a>
nodes cannot be imported.</dd>

<dt><b>ELEMENT_NODE</b></dt>

<dd><em>Specified</em> attribute nodes of the source element are
imported, and the generated <a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> nodes are
attached to the generated <a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a>. Default
attributes are <em>not</em> copied, though if the document being
imported into defines default attributes for this element name,
those are assigned. If the <code>importNode</code>
<code>deep</code> parameter was set to <code>true</code>, the <a href="glossary.html#dt-descendant"><em>descendants</em></a> of the
source element are recursively imported and the resulting nodes
reassembled to form the corresponding subtree.</dd>

<dt><b>ENTITY_NODE</b></dt>

<dd><a href="core.html#ID-527DCFF2"><code>Entity</code></a> nodes
can be imported, however in the current release of the DOM the <a href="core.html#ID-412266927"><code>DocumentType</code></a> is
readonly. Ability to add these imported nodes to a <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-412266927"><code>DocumentType</code></a> will be
considered for addition to a future release of the DOM.<br>
On import, the <code>publicId</code>, <code>systemId</code>, and
<code>notationName</code> attributes are copied. If a
<code>deep</code> import is requested, the <a href="glossary.html#dt-descendant"><em>descendants</em></a> of the
the source <a href="core.html#ID-527DCFF2"><code>Entity</code></a>
are recursively imported and the resulting nodes reassembled to
form the corresponding subtree.</dd>

<dt><b>ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE</b></dt>

<dd>Only the <a href="core.html#ID-11C98490"><code>EntityReference</code></a>
itself is copied, even if a <code>deep</code> import is requested,
since the source and destination documents might have defined the
entity differently. If the document being imported into provides a
definition for this entity name, its value is assigned.</dd>

<dt><b>NOTATION_NODE</b></dt>

<dd><a href="core.html#ID-5431D1B9"><code>Notation</code></a> nodes
can be imported, however in the current release of the DOM the <a href="core.html#ID-412266927"><code>DocumentType</code></a> is
readonly. Ability to add these imported nodes to a <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-412266927"><code>DocumentType</code></a> will be
considered for addition to a future release of the DOM.<br>
On import, the <code>publicId</code> and <code>systemId</code>
attributes are copied.<br>
Note that the <code>deep</code> parameter has no effect on <a href="core.html#ID-5431D1B9"><code>Notation</code></a> nodes since
they never have any children.</dd>

<dt><b>PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE</b></dt>

<dd>The imported node copies its <code>target</code> and
<code>data</code> values from those of the source node.</dd>

<dt><b>TEXT_NODE, CDATA_SECTION_NODE, COMMENT_NODE</b></dt>

<dd>These three types of nodes inheriting from <a href="core.html#ID-FF21A306"><code>CharacterData</code></a> copy
their <code>data</code> and <code>length</code> attributes from
those of the source node.</dd>
</dl>

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">importedNode</code> of type <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a></dt>

<dd>The node to import.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">deep</code> of type
<code>boolean</code></dt>

<dd>If <code>true</code>, recursively import the subtree under the
specified node; if <code>false</code>, import only the node itself,
as explained above. This has no effect on <a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a>, <a href="core.html#ID-11C98490"><code>EntityReference</code></a>, and
<a href="core.html#ID-5431D1B9"><code>Notation</code></a>
nodes.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The imported node that belongs to this
<code>Document</code>.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR: Raised if the type of node being imported is
not supported.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>

<dt><b>Interface <i><a id="ID-1950641247" name="ID-1950641247">Node</a></i></b></dt>

<dd>
<p>The <code>Node</code> interface is the primary datatype for the
entire Document Object Model. It represents a single node in the
document tree. While all objects implementing the <code>Node</code>
interface expose methods for dealing with children, not all objects
implementing the <code>Node</code> interface may have children. For
example, <a href="core.html#ID-1312295772"><code>Text</code></a>
nodes may not have children, and adding children to such nodes
results in a <a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a> being
raised.</p>

<p>The attributes <code>nodeName</code>, <code>nodeValue</code> and
<code>attributes</code> are included as a mechanism to get at node
information without casting down to the specific derived interface.
In cases where there is no obvious mapping of these attributes for
a specific <code>nodeType</code> (e.g., <code>nodeValue</code> for
an <a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a> or
<code>attributes</code> for a <a href="core.html#ID-1728279322"><code>Comment</code></a>), this
returns <code>null</code>. Note that the specialized interfaces may
contain additional and more convenient mechanisms to get and set
the relevant information.</p>

<dl>
<dt><br>
<b>IDL Definition</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="idl-code">
<pre>interface Node {

  // NodeType
  const unsigned short      ELEMENT_NODE                   = 1;
  const unsigned short      ATTRIBUTE_NODE                 = 2;
  const unsigned short      TEXT_NODE                      = 3;
  const unsigned short      CDATA_SECTION_NODE             = 4;
  const unsigned short      ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE          = 5;
  const unsigned short      ENTITY_NODE                    = 6;
  const unsigned short      PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE    = 7;
  const unsigned short      COMMENT_NODE                   = 8;
  const unsigned short      DOCUMENT_NODE                  = 9;
  const unsigned short      DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE             = 10;
  const unsigned short      DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE         = 11;
  const unsigned short      NOTATION_NODE                  = 12;

  readonly attribute DOMString        nodeName;
           attribute DOMString        nodeValue;
                                        // raises(DOMException) on setting
                                        // raises(DOMException) on retrieval

  readonly attribute unsigned short   nodeType;
  readonly attribute Node             parentNode;
  readonly attribute NodeList         childNodes;
  readonly attribute Node             firstChild;
  readonly attribute Node             lastChild;
  readonly attribute Node             previousSibling;
  readonly attribute Node             nextSibling;
  readonly attribute NamedNodeMap     attributes;
  // Modified in DOM Level 2:
  readonly attribute Document         ownerDocument;
  Node               insertBefore(in Node newChild, 
                                  in Node refChild)
                                        raises(DOMException);
  Node               replaceChild(in Node newChild, 
                                  in Node oldChild)
                                        raises(DOMException);
  Node               removeChild(in Node oldChild)
                                        raises(DOMException);
  Node               appendChild(in Node newChild)
                                        raises(DOMException);
  boolean            hasChildNodes();
  Node               cloneNode(in boolean deep);
  // Modified in DOM Level 2:
  void               normalize();
  // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
  boolean            isSupported(in DOMString feature, 
                                 in DOMString version);
  // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
  readonly attribute DOMString        namespaceURI;
  // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
           attribute DOMString        prefix;
                                        // raises(DOMException) on setting

  // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
  readonly attribute DOMString        localName;
  // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
  boolean            hasAttributes();
};
</pre>
</div>

<br>
</dd>

<dt><b>Definition group <i><a id="ID-1841493061" name="ID-1841493061">NodeType</a></i></b></dt>

<dd>
<p>An integer indicating which type of node this is.</p>

<p><b>Note:</b> Numeric codes up to 200 are reserved to W3C for
possible future use.</p>

<dl>
<dt><b>Defined Constants</b></dt>

<dd>
<dl>
<dt><code class="constant-name">ATTRIBUTE_NODE</code></dt>

<dd>The node is an <a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a>.</dd>

<dt><code class="constant-name">CDATA_SECTION_NODE</code></dt>

<dd>The node is a <a href="core.html#ID-667469212"><code>CDATASection</code></a>.</dd>

<dt><code class="constant-name">COMMENT_NODE</code></dt>

<dd>The node is a <a href="core.html#ID-1728279322"><code>Comment</code></a>.</dd>

<dt><code class="constant-name">DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE</code></dt>

<dd>The node is a <a href="core.html#ID-B63ED1A3"><code>DocumentFragment</code></a>.</dd>

<dt><code class="constant-name">DOCUMENT_NODE</code></dt>

<dd>The node is a <a href="core.html#i-Document"><code>Document</code></a>.</dd>

<dt><code class="constant-name">DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE</code></dt>

<dd>The node is a <a href="core.html#ID-412266927"><code>DocumentType</code></a>.</dd>

<dt><code class="constant-name">ELEMENT_NODE</code></dt>

<dd>The node is an <a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a>.</dd>

<dt><code class="constant-name">ENTITY_NODE</code></dt>

<dd>The node is an <a href="core.html#ID-527DCFF2"><code>Entity</code></a>.</dd>

<dt><code class="constant-name">ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE</code></dt>

<dd>The node is an <a href="core.html#ID-11C98490"><code>EntityReference</code></a>.</dd>

<dt><code class="constant-name">NOTATION_NODE</code></dt>

<dd>The node is a <a href="core.html#ID-5431D1B9"><code>Notation</code></a>.</dd>

<dt><code class="constant-name">PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE</code></dt>

<dd>The node is a <a href="core.html#ID-1004215813"><code>ProcessingInstruction</code></a>.</dd>

<dt><code class="constant-name">TEXT_NODE</code></dt>

<dd>The node is a <a href="core.html#ID-1312295772"><code>Text</code></a> node.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>

<dd>
<p>The values of <code>nodeName</code>, <code>nodeValue</code>, and
<code>attributes</code> vary according to the node type as
follows:</p>

<table border="1" summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the name of the interface, the second contains the value of the nodeName attribute for this interface, the third contains the value of the nodeValue attribute for this interface and the fourth contains the value of the attributes attribute for this interface">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Interface</th>
<th>nodeName</th>
<th>nodeValue</th>
<th>attributes</th>
</tr>

<tr>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Attr</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">name of attribute</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">value of attribute</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">null</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">CDATASection</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">#cdata-section</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">content of the CDATA
Section</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">null</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Comment</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">#comment</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">content of the
comment</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">null</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Document</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">#document</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">null</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">null</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">DocumentFragment</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">#document-fragment</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">null</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">null</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">DocumentType</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">document type name</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">null</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">null</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Element</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">tag name</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">null</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">NamedNodeMap</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Entity</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">entity name</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">null</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">null</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">EntityReference</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">name of entity
referenced</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">null</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">null</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Notation</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">notation name</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">null</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">null</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">ProcessingInstruction</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">target</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">entire content excluding
the target</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">null</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Text</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">#text</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">content of the text
node</td>
<td valign="top" rowspan="1" colspan="1">null</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</dd>

<dt><b>Attributes</b></dt>

<dd>
<dl>
<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-84CF096" name="ID-84CF096">attributes</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#ID-1780488922"><code>NamedNodeMap</code></a>,
readonly</dt>

<dd>A <a href="core.html#ID-1780488922"><code>NamedNodeMap</code></a>
containing the attributes of this node (if it is an <a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a>) or
<code>null</code> otherwise.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-1451460987" name="ID-1451460987">childNodes</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#ID-536297177"><code>NodeList</code></a>,
readonly</dt>

<dd>A <a href="core.html#ID-536297177"><code>NodeList</code></a>
that contains all children of this node. If there are no children,
this is a <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-536297177"><code>NodeList</code></a> containing
no nodes.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-169727388" name="ID-169727388">firstChild</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a>, readonly</dt>

<dd>The first child of this node. If there is no such node, this
returns <code>null</code>.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-61AD09FB" name="ID-61AD09FB">lastChild</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a>, readonly</dt>

<dd>The last child of this node. If there is no such node, this
returns <code>null</code>.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-NodeNSLocalN" name="ID-NodeNSLocalN">localName</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a>, readonly,
introduced in <b class="version">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>Returns the local part of the <a href="glossary.html#dt-qualifiedname"><em>qualified name</em></a>
of this node.<br>
For nodes of any type other than <code>ELEMENT_NODE</code> and
<code>ATTRIBUTE_NODE</code> and nodes created with a DOM Level 1
method, such as <code>createElement</code> from the <a href="core.html#i-Document"><code>Document</code></a> interface,
this is always <code>null</code>.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-NodeNSname" name="ID-NodeNSname">namespaceURI</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a>, readonly,
introduced in <b class="version">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-namespaceURI"><em>namespace
URI</em></a> of this node, or <code>null</code> if it is
unspecified.<br>
This is not a computed value that is the result of a namespace
lookup based on an examination of the namespace declarations in
scope. It is merely the namespace URI given at creation time.<br>
For nodes of any type other than <code>ELEMENT_NODE</code> and
<code>ATTRIBUTE_NODE</code> and nodes created with a DOM Level 1
method, such as <code>createElement</code> from the <a href="core.html#i-Document"><code>Document</code></a> interface,
this is always <code>null</code>. 

<p><b>Note:</b> Per the <em>Namespaces in XML</em> Specification
[<a class="noxref" href="references.html#Namespaces">Namespaces</a>] an attribute does
not inherit its namespace from the element it is attached to. If an
attribute is not explicitly given a namespace, it simply has no
namespace.</p>
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-6AC54C2F" name="ID-6AC54C2F">nextSibling</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a>, readonly</dt>

<dd>The node immediately following this node. If there is no such
node, this returns <code>null</code>.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-F68D095" name="ID-F68D095">nodeName</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a>,
readonly</dt>

<dd>The name of this node, depending on its type; see the table
above.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-111237558" name="ID-111237558">nodeType</a></code> of type <code>unsigned
short</code>, readonly</dt>

<dd>A code representing the type of the underlying object, as
defined above.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-F68D080" name="ID-F68D080">nodeValue</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The value of this node, depending on its type; see the table
above. When it is defined to be <code>null</code>, setting it has
no effect.<br>
 

<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions on setting</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR: Raised when the node is
readonly.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions on retrieval</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>DOMSTRING_SIZE_ERR: Raised when it would return more characters
than fit in a <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a> variable on
the implementation platform.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="node-ownerDoc" name="node-ownerDoc">ownerDocument</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#i-Document"><code>Document</code></a>, readonly,
modified in <b class="version">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>The <a href="core.html#i-Document"><code>Document</code></a>
object associated with this node. This is also the <a class="noxref" href="core.html#i-Document"><code>Document</code></a> object used
to create new nodes. When this node is a <a class="noxref" href="core.html#i-Document"><code>Document</code></a> or a <a href="core.html#ID-412266927"><code>DocumentType</code></a> which
is not used with any <a class="noxref" href="core.html#i-Document"><code>Document</code></a> yet, this is
<code>null</code>.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-1060184317" name="ID-1060184317">parentNode</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a>, readonly</dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-parent"><em>parent</em></a> of
this node. All nodes, except <a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a>, <a href="core.html#i-Document"><code>Document</code></a>, <a href="core.html#ID-B63ED1A3"><code>DocumentFragment</code></a>, <a href="core.html#ID-527DCFF2"><code>Entity</code></a>, and <a href="core.html#ID-5431D1B9"><code>Notation</code></a> may have a
parent. However, if a node has just been created and not yet added
to the tree, or if it has been removed from the tree, this is
<code>null</code>.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-NodeNSPrefix" name="ID-NodeNSPrefix">prefix</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a>, introduced
in <b class="version">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-namespaceprefix"><em>namespace
prefix</em></a> of this node, or <code>null</code> if it is
unspecified.<br>
Note that setting this attribute, when permitted, changes the
<code>nodeName</code> attribute, which holds the <a href="glossary.html#dt-qualifiedname"><em>qualified name</em></a>,
as well as the <code>tagName</code> and <code>name</code>
attributes of the <a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a> and <a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> interfaces,
when applicable.<br>
Note also that changing the prefix of an attribute that is known to
have a default value, does not make a new attribute with the
default value and the original prefix appear, since the
<code>namespaceURI</code> and <code>localName</code> do not
change.<br>
For nodes of any type other than <code>ELEMENT_NODE</code> and
<code>ATTRIBUTE_NODE</code> and nodes created with a DOM Level 1
method, such as <code>createElement</code> from the <a href="core.html#i-Document"><code>Document</code></a> interface,
this is always <code>null</code>.<br>
 

<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions on setting</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR: Raised if the specified prefix contains
an illegal character.</p>

<p>NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR: Raised if this node is
readonly.</p>

<p>NAMESPACE_ERR: Raised if the specified <code>prefix</code> is
malformed, if the <code>namespaceURI</code> of this node is
<code>null</code>, if the specified prefix is "xml" and the
<code>namespaceURI</code> of this node is different from "<a href="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace">http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace</a>",
if this node is an attribute and the specified prefix is "xmlns"
and the <code>namespaceURI</code> of this node is different from
"<a href="http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/">http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/</a>",
or if this node is an attribute and the <code>qualifiedName</code>
of this node is "xmlns" [<a class="noxref" href="references.html#Namespaces">Namespaces</a>].</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-640FB3C8" name="ID-640FB3C8">previousSibling</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a>, readonly</dt>

<dd>The node immediately preceding this node. If there is no such
node, this returns <code>null</code>.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>

<dt><b>Methods</b></dt>

<dd>
<dl>
<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-184E7107" name="ID-184E7107">appendChild</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Adds the node <code>newChild</code> to the end
of the list of children of this node. If the <code>newChild</code>
is already in the tree, it is first removed. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">newChild</code> of type <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a></dt>

<dd>The node to add.<br>
If it is a <a href="core.html#ID-B63ED1A3"><code>DocumentFragment</code></a>
object, the entire contents of the document fragment are moved into
the child list of this node<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The node added.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>HIERARCHY_REQUEST_ERR: Raised if this node is of a type that
does not allow children of the type of the <code>newChild</code>
node, or if the node to append is one of this node's <a href="glossary.html#dt-ancestor"><em>ancestors</em></a>.</p>

<p>WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR: Raised if <code>newChild</code> was created
from a different document than the one that created this node.</p>

<p>NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR: Raised if this node is
readonly.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-3A0ED0A4" name="ID-3A0ED0A4">cloneNode</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Returns a duplicate of this node, i.e., serves
as a generic copy constructor for nodes. The duplicate node has no
parent; (<code>parentNode</code> is <code>null</code>.).<br>
Cloning an <a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a> copies all
attributes and their values, including those generated by the XML
processor to represent defaulted attributes, but this method does
not copy any text it contains unless it is a deep clone, since the
text is contained in a child <a href="core.html#ID-1312295772"><code>Text</code></a> node. Cloning
an <code>Attribute</code> directly, as opposed to be cloned as part
of an <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a> cloning
operation, returns a specified attribute (<code>specified</code> is
<code>true</code>). Cloning any other type of node simply returns a
copy of this node.<br>
Note that cloning an immutable subtree results in a mutable copy,
but the children of an <a href="core.html#ID-11C98490"><code>EntityReference</code></a> clone
are <a href="glossary.html#dt-readonly-node"><em>readonly</em></a>.
In addition, clones of unspecified <a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> nodes are
specified. And, cloning <a href="core.html#i-Document"><code>Document</code></a>, <a href="core.html#ID-412266927"><code>DocumentType</code></a>, <a href="core.html#ID-527DCFF2"><code>Entity</code></a>, and <a href="core.html#ID-5431D1B9"><code>Notation</code></a> nodes is
implementation dependent. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">deep</code> of type
<code>boolean</code></dt>

<dd>If <code>true</code>, recursively clone the subtree under the
specified node; if <code>false</code>, clone only the node itself
(and its attributes, if it is an <a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a>).<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The duplicate node.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div><b>No Exceptions</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-NodeHasAttrs" name="ID-NodeHasAttrs">hasAttributes</a></code> introduced in <b class="since">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Returns whether this node (if it is an element)
has any attributes. 

<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><code>boolean</code></p>
</td>
<td>
<p><code>true</code> if this node has any attributes,
<code>false</code> otherwise.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div><b>No Parameters</b></div>

<div><b>No Exceptions</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-810594187" name="ID-810594187">hasChildNodes</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Returns whether this node has any children. 

<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><code>boolean</code></p>
</td>
<td>
<p><code>true</code> if this node has any children,
<code>false</code> otherwise.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div><b>No Parameters</b></div>

<div><b>No Exceptions</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-952280727" name="ID-952280727">insertBefore</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Inserts the node <code>newChild</code> before
the existing child node <code>refChild</code>. If
<code>refChild</code> is <code>null</code>, insert
<code>newChild</code> at the end of the list of children.<br>
If <code>newChild</code> is a <a href="core.html#ID-B63ED1A3"><code>DocumentFragment</code></a>
object, all of its children are inserted, in the same order, before
<code>refChild</code>. If the <code>newChild</code> is already in
the tree, it is first removed. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">newChild</code> of type <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a></dt>

<dd>The node to insert.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">refChild</code> of type <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a></dt>

<dd>The reference node, i.e., the node before which the new node
must be inserted.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The node being inserted.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>HIERARCHY_REQUEST_ERR: Raised if this node is of a type that
does not allow children of the type of the <code>newChild</code>
node, or if the node to insert is one of this node's <a href="glossary.html#dt-ancestor"><em>ancestors</em></a>.</p>

<p>WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR: Raised if <code>newChild</code> was created
from a different document than the one that created this node.</p>

<p>NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR: Raised if this node is readonly or
if the parent of the node being inserted is readonly.</p>

<p>NOT_FOUND_ERR: Raised if <code>refChild</code> is not a child of
this node.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="Level-2-Core-Node-supports" name="Level-2-Core-Node-supports">isSupported</a></code> introduced
in <b class="since">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Tests whether the DOM implementation implements
a specific feature and that feature is supported by this node. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">feature</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The name of the feature to test. This is the same name which
can be passed to the method <code>hasFeature</code> on <a href="core.html#ID-102161490"><code>DOMImplementation</code></a>.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">version</code> of type <a class="noxref" href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>This is the version number of the feature to test. In Level 2,
version 1, this is the string "2.0". If the version is not
specified, supporting any version of the feature will cause the
method to return <code>true</code>.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><code>boolean</code></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Returns <code>true</code> if the specified feature is supported
on this node, <code>false</code> otherwise.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div><b>No Exceptions</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-normalize" name="ID-normalize">normalize</a></code> modified in <b class="version">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Puts all <a href="core.html#ID-1312295772"><code>Text</code></a> nodes in the
full depth of the sub-tree underneath this <code>Node</code>,
including attribute nodes, into a "normal" form where only
structure (e.g., elements, comments, processing instructions, CDATA
sections, and entity references) separates <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-1312295772"><code>Text</code></a> nodes, i.e.,
there are neither adjacent <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-1312295772"><code>Text</code></a> nodes nor
empty <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-1312295772"><code>Text</code></a> nodes. This
can be used to ensure that the DOM view of a document is the same
as if it were saved and re-loaded, and is useful when operations
(such as XPointer [<a class="noxref" href="references.html#XPointer">XPointer</a>] lookups) that depend
on a particular document tree structure are to be used. 

<p><b>Note:</b> In cases where the document contains <a href="core.html#ID-667469212"><code>CDATASections</code></a>, the
normalize operation alone may not be sufficient, since XPointers do
not differentiate between <a href="core.html#ID-1312295772"><code>Text</code></a> nodes and <a href="core.html#ID-667469212"><code>CDATASection</code></a>
nodes.</p>

<div><b>No Parameters</b></div>

<div><b>No Return Value</b></div>

<div><b>No Exceptions</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-1734834066" name="ID-1734834066">removeChild</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Removes the child node indicated by
<code>oldChild</code> from the list of children, and returns it. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">oldChild</code> of type <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a></dt>

<dd>The node being removed.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The node removed.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR: Raised if this node is
readonly.</p>

<p>NOT_FOUND_ERR: Raised if <code>oldChild</code> is not a child of
this node.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-785887307" name="ID-785887307">replaceChild</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Replaces the child node <code>oldChild</code>
with <code>newChild</code> in the list of children, and returns the
<code>oldChild</code> node.<br>
If <code>newChild</code> is a <a href="core.html#ID-B63ED1A3"><code>DocumentFragment</code></a>
object, <code>oldChild</code> is replaced by all of the <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-B63ED1A3"><code>DocumentFragment</code></a>
children, which are inserted in the same order. If the
<code>newChild</code> is already in the tree, it is first removed. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">newChild</code> of type <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a></dt>

<dd>The new node to put in the child list.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">oldChild</code> of type <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a></dt>

<dd>The node being replaced in the list.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The node replaced.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>HIERARCHY_REQUEST_ERR: Raised if this node is of a type that
does not allow children of the type of the <code>newChild</code>
node, or if the node to put in is one of this node's <a href="glossary.html#dt-ancestor"><em>ancestors</em></a>.</p>

<p>WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR: Raised if <code>newChild</code> was created
from a different document than the one that created this node.</p>

<p>NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR: Raised if this node or the parent
of the new node is readonly.</p>

<p>NOT_FOUND_ERR: Raised if <code>oldChild</code> is not a child of
this node.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>

<dt><b>Interface <i><a id="ID-536297177" name="ID-536297177">NodeList</a></i></b></dt>

<dd>
<p>The <code>NodeList</code> interface provides the abstraction of
an ordered collection of nodes, without defining or constraining
how this collection is implemented. <code>NodeList</code> objects
in the DOM are <a href="core.html#td-live"><em>live</em></a>.</p>

<p>The items in the <code>NodeList</code> are accessible via an
integral index, starting from 0.</p>

<dl>
<dt><br>
<b>IDL Definition</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="idl-code">
<pre>interface NodeList {
  Node               item(in unsigned long index);
  readonly attribute unsigned long    length;
};
</pre>
</div>

<br>
</dd>

<dt><b>Attributes</b></dt>

<dd>
<dl>
<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-203510337" name="ID-203510337">length</a></code> of type <code>unsigned
long</code>, readonly</dt>

<dd>The number of nodes in the list. The range of valid child node
indices is 0 to <code>length-1</code> inclusive.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>

<dt><b>Methods</b></dt>

<dd>
<dl>
<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-844377136" name="ID-844377136">item</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Returns the <code>index</code>th item in the
collection. If <code>index</code> is greater than or equal to the
number of nodes in the list, this returns <code>null</code>. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">index</code> of type
<code>unsigned long</code></dt>

<dd>Index into the collection.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The node at the <code>index</code>th position in the
<code>NodeList</code>, or <code>null</code> if that is not a valid
index.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div><b>No Exceptions</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>

<dt><b>Interface <i><a id="ID-1780488922" name="ID-1780488922">NamedNodeMap</a></i></b></dt>

<dd>
<p>Objects implementing the <code>NamedNodeMap</code> interface are
used to represent collections of nodes that can be accessed by
name. Note that <code>NamedNodeMap</code> does not inherit from <a href="core.html#ID-536297177"><code>NodeList</code></a>;
<code>NamedNodeMaps</code> are not maintained in any particular
order. Objects contained in an object implementing
<code>NamedNodeMap</code> may also be accessed by an ordinal index,
but this is simply to allow convenient enumeration of the contents
of a <code>NamedNodeMap</code>, and does not imply that the DOM
specifies an order to these Nodes.</p>

<p><code>NamedNodeMap</code> objects in the DOM are <a href="core.html#td-live"><em>live</em></a>.</p>

<dl>
<dt><br>
<b>IDL Definition</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="idl-code">
<pre>interface NamedNodeMap {
  Node               getNamedItem(in DOMString name);
  Node               setNamedItem(in Node arg)
                                        raises(DOMException);
  Node               removeNamedItem(in DOMString name)
                                        raises(DOMException);
  Node               item(in unsigned long index);
  readonly attribute unsigned long    length;
  // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
  Node               getNamedItemNS(in DOMString namespaceURI, 
                                    in DOMString localName);
  // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
  Node               setNamedItemNS(in Node arg)
                                        raises(DOMException);
  // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
  Node               removeNamedItemNS(in DOMString namespaceURI, 
                                       in DOMString localName)
                                        raises(DOMException);
};
</pre>
</div>

<br>
</dd>

<dt><b>Attributes</b></dt>

<dd>
<dl>
<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-6D0FB19E" name="ID-6D0FB19E">length</a></code> of type <code>unsigned
long</code>, readonly</dt>

<dd>The number of nodes in this map. The range of valid child node
indices is <code>0</code> to <code>length-1</code> inclusive.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>

<dt><b>Methods</b></dt>

<dd>
<dl>
<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-1074577549" name="ID-1074577549">getNamedItem</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Retrieves a node specified by name. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">name</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <code>nodeName</code> of a node to retrieve.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>A <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a> (of any type)
with the specified <code>nodeName</code>, or <code>null</code> if
it does not identify any node in this map.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div><b>No Exceptions</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-getNamedItemNS" name="ID-getNamedItemNS">getNamedItemNS</a></code> introduced in <b class="since">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Retrieves a node specified by local name and
namespace URI. HTML-only DOM implementations do not need to
implement this method. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">namespaceURI</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-namespaceURI"><em>namespace
URI</em></a> of the node to retrieve.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">localName</code> of type <a class="noxref" href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-localname"><em>local
name</em></a> of the node to retrieve.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>A <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a> (of any type)
with the specified local name and namespace URI, or
<code>null</code> if they do not identify any node in this map.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div><b>No Exceptions</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-349467F9" name="ID-349467F9">item</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Returns the <code>index</code>th item in the
map. If <code>index</code> is greater than or equal to the number
of nodes in this map, this returns <code>null</code>. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">index</code> of type
<code>unsigned long</code></dt>

<dd>Index into this map.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The node at the <code>index</code>th position in the map, or
<code>null</code> if that is not a valid index.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div><b>No Exceptions</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-D58B193" name="ID-D58B193">removeNamedItem</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Removes a node specified by name. When this map
contains the attributes attached to an element, if the removed
attribute is known to have a default value, an attribute
immediately appears containing the default value as well as the
corresponding namespace URI, local name, and prefix when
applicable. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">name</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <code>nodeName</code> of the node to remove.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The node removed from this map if a node with such a name
exists.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>NOT_FOUND_ERR: Raised if there is no node named
<code>name</code> in this map.</p>

<p>NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR: Raised if this map is readonly.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-removeNamedItemNS" name="ID-removeNamedItemNS">removeNamedItemNS</a></code> introduced
in <b class="since">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Removes a node specified by local name and
namespace URI. A removed attribute may be known to have a default
value when this map contains the attributes attached to an element,
as returned by the attributes attribute of the <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a> interface. If
so, an attribute immediately appears containing the default value
as well as the corresponding namespace URI, local name, and prefix
when applicable.<br>
HTML-only DOM implementations do not need to implement this method.


<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">namespaceURI</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-namespaceURI"><em>namespace
URI</em></a> of the node to remove.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">localName</code> of type <a class="noxref" href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-localname"><em>local
name</em></a> of the node to remove.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The node removed from this map if a node with such a local name
and namespace URI exists.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>NOT_FOUND_ERR: Raised if there is no node with the specified
<code>namespaceURI</code> and <code>localName</code> in this
map.</p>

<p>NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR: Raised if this map is readonly.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-1025163788" name="ID-1025163788">setNamedItem</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Adds a node using its <code>nodeName</code>
attribute. If a node with that name is already present in this map,
it is replaced by the new one.<br>
As the <code>nodeName</code> attribute is used to derive the name
which the node must be stored under, multiple nodes of certain
types (those that have a "special" string value) cannot be stored
as the names would clash. This is seen as preferable to allowing
nodes to be aliased. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">arg</code> of type <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a></dt>

<dd>A node to store in this map. The node will later be accessible
using the value of its <code>nodeName</code> attribute.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>If the new <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a> replaces an
existing node the replaced <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a> is returned,
otherwise <code>null</code> is returned.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR: Raised if <code>arg</code> was created from
a different document than the one that created this map.</p>

<p>NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR: Raised if this map is readonly.</p>

<p>INUSE_ATTRIBUTE_ERR: Raised if <code>arg</code> is an <a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> that is already
an attribute of another <a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a> object. The
DOM user must explicitly clone <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> nodes to re-use
them in other elements.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-setNamedItemNS" name="ID-setNamedItemNS">setNamedItemNS</a></code> introduced in <b class="since">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Adds a node using its <code>namespaceURI</code>
and <code>localName</code>. If a node with that namespace URI and
that local name is already present in this map, it is replaced by
the new one.<br>
HTML-only DOM implementations do not need to implement this method.


<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">arg</code> of type <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a></dt>

<dd>A node to store in this map. The node will later be accessible
using the value of its <code>namespaceURI</code> and
<code>localName</code> attributes.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>If the new <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a> replaces an
existing node the replaced <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a> is returned,
otherwise <code>null</code> is returned.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR: Raised if <code>arg</code> was created from
a different document than the one that created this map.</p>

<p>NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR: Raised if this map is readonly.</p>

<p>INUSE_ATTRIBUTE_ERR: Raised if <code>arg</code> is an <a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> that is already
an attribute of another <a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a> object. The
DOM user must explicitly clone <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> nodes to re-use
them in other elements.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>

<dt><b>Interface <i><a id="ID-FF21A306" name="ID-FF21A306">CharacterData</a></i></b></dt>

<dd>
<p>The <code>CharacterData</code> interface extends Node with a set
of attributes and methods for accessing character data in the DOM.
For clarity this set is defined here rather than on each object
that uses these attributes and methods. No DOM objects correspond
directly to <code>CharacterData</code>, though <a href="core.html#ID-1312295772"><code>Text</code></a> and others do
inherit the interface from it. All <code>offsets</code> in this
interface start from <code>0</code>.</p>

<p>As explained in the <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a> interface,
text strings in the DOM are represented in UTF-16, i.e. as a
sequence of 16-bit units. In the following, the term <a href="glossary.html#dt-16-bit-unit"><em>16-bit units</em></a> is
used whenever necessary to indicate that indexing on CharacterData
is done in 16-bit units.</p>

<dl>
<dt><br>
<b>IDL Definition</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="idl-code">
<pre>interface CharacterData : Node {
           attribute DOMString        data;
                                        // raises(DOMException) on setting
                                        // raises(DOMException) on retrieval

  readonly attribute unsigned long    length;
  DOMString          substringData(in unsigned long offset, 
                                   in unsigned long count)
                                        raises(DOMException);
  void               appendData(in DOMString arg)
                                        raises(DOMException);
  void               insertData(in unsigned long offset, 
                                in DOMString arg)
                                        raises(DOMException);
  void               deleteData(in unsigned long offset, 
                                in unsigned long count)
                                        raises(DOMException);
  void               replaceData(in unsigned long offset, 
                                 in unsigned long count, 
                                 in DOMString arg)
                                        raises(DOMException);
};
</pre>
</div>

<br>
</dd>

<dt><b>Attributes</b></dt>

<dd>
<dl>
<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-72AB8359" name="ID-72AB8359">data</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The character data of the node that implements this interface.
The DOM implementation may not put arbitrary limits on the amount
of data that may be stored in a <code>CharacterData</code> node.
However, implementation limits may mean that the entirety of a
node's data may not fit into a single <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a>. In such
cases, the user may call <code>substringData</code> to retrieve the
data in appropriately sized pieces.<br>
 

<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions on setting</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR: Raised when the node is
readonly.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions on retrieval</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>DOMSTRING_SIZE_ERR: Raised when it would return more characters
than fit in a <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a> variable on
the implementation platform.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-7D61178C" name="ID-7D61178C">length</a></code> of type <code>unsigned
long</code>, readonly</dt>

<dd>The number of <a href="glossary.html#dt-16-bit-unit"><em>16-bit
units</em></a> that are available through <code>data</code> and the
<code>substringData</code> method below. This may have the value
zero, i.e., <code>CharacterData</code> nodes may be empty.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>

<dt><b>Methods</b></dt>

<dd>
<dl>
<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-32791A2F" name="ID-32791A2F">appendData</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Append the string to the end of the character
data of the node. Upon success, <code>data</code> provides access
to the concatenation of <code>data</code> and the <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a> specified. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">arg</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a class="noxref" href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a> to
append.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR: Raised if this node is
readonly.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
<div><b>No Return Value</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-7C603781" name="ID-7C603781">deleteData</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Remove a range of <a href="glossary.html#dt-16-bit-unit"><em>16-bit units</em></a> from
the node. Upon success, <code>data</code> and <code>length</code>
reflect the change. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">offset</code> of type
<code>unsigned long</code></dt>

<dd>The offset from which to start removing.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">count</code> of type
<code>unsigned long</code></dt>

<dd>The number of 16-bit units to delete. If the sum of
<code>offset</code> and <code>count</code> exceeds
<code>length</code> then all 16-bit units from <code>offset</code>
to the end of the data are deleted.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>INDEX_SIZE_ERR: Raised if the specified <code>offset</code> is
negative or greater than the number of 16-bit units in
<code>data</code>, or if the specified <code>count</code> is
negative.</p>

<p>NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR: Raised if this node is
readonly.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
<div><b>No Return Value</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-3EDB695F" name="ID-3EDB695F">insertData</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Insert a string at the specified <a href="glossary.html#dt-16-bit-unit"><em>16-bit unit</em></a>
offset. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">offset</code> of type
<code>unsigned long</code></dt>

<dd>The character offset at which to insert.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">arg</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a class="noxref" href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a> to
insert.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>INDEX_SIZE_ERR: Raised if the specified <code>offset</code> is
negative or greater than the number of 16-bit units in
<code>data</code>.</p>

<p>NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR: Raised if this node is
readonly.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
<div><b>No Return Value</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-E5CBA7FB" name="ID-E5CBA7FB">replaceData</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Replace the characters starting at the
specified <a href="glossary.html#dt-16-bit-unit"><em>16-bit
unit</em></a> offset with the specified string. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">offset</code> of type
<code>unsigned long</code></dt>

<dd>The offset from which to start replacing.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">count</code> of type
<code>unsigned long</code></dt>

<dd>The number of 16-bit units to replace. If the sum of
<code>offset</code> and <code>count</code> exceeds
<code>length</code>, then all 16-bit units to the end of the data
are replaced; (i.e., the effect is the same as a
<code>remove</code> method call with the same range, followed by an
<code>append</code> method invocation).<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">arg</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a class="noxref" href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a> with which
the range must be replaced.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>INDEX_SIZE_ERR: Raised if the specified <code>offset</code> is
negative or greater than the number of 16-bit units in
<code>data</code>, or if the specified <code>count</code> is
negative.</p>

<p>NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR: Raised if this node is
readonly.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
<div><b>No Return Value</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-6531BCCF" name="ID-6531BCCF">substringData</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Extracts a range of data from the node. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">offset</code> of type
<code>unsigned long</code></dt>

<dd>Start offset of substring to extract.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">count</code> of type
<code>unsigned long</code></dt>

<dd>The number of 16-bit units to extract.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The specified substring. If the sum of <code>offset</code> and
<code>count</code> exceeds the <code>length</code>, then all 16-bit
units to the end of the data are returned.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>INDEX_SIZE_ERR: Raised if the specified <code>offset</code> is
negative or greater than the number of 16-bit units in
<code>data</code>, or if the specified <code>count</code> is
negative.</p>

<p>DOMSTRING_SIZE_ERR: Raised if the specified range of text does
not fit into a <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a>.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>

<dt><b>Interface <i><a id="ID-637646024" name="ID-637646024">Attr</a></i></b></dt>

<dd>
<p>The <code>Attr</code> interface represents an attribute in an <a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a> object.
Typically the allowable values for the attribute are defined in a
document type definition.</p>

<p><code>Attr</code> objects inherit the <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a> interface, but
since they are not actually child nodes of the element they
describe, the DOM does not consider them part of the document tree.
Thus, the <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a> attributes
<code>parentNode</code>, <code>previousSibling</code>, and
<code>nextSibling</code> have a <code>null</code> value for
<code>Attr</code> objects. The DOM takes the view that attributes
are properties of elements rather than having a separate identity
from the elements they are associated with; this should make it
more efficient to implement such features as default attributes
associated with all elements of a given type. Furthermore,
<code>Attr</code> nodes may not be immediate children of a <a href="core.html#ID-B63ED1A3"><code>DocumentFragment</code></a>.
However, they can be associated with <a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a> nodes
contained within a <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-B63ED1A3"><code>DocumentFragment</code></a>. In
short, users and implementors of the DOM need to be aware that
<code>Attr</code> nodes have some things in common with other
objects inheriting the <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a> interface, but
they also are quite distinct.</p>

<p>The attribute's effective value is determined as follows: if
this attribute has been explicitly assigned any value, that value
is the attribute's effective value; otherwise, if there is a
declaration for this attribute, and that declaration includes a
default value, then that default value is the attribute's effective
value; otherwise, the attribute does not exist on this element in
the structure model until it has been explicitly added. Note that
the <code>nodeValue</code> attribute on the <code>Attr</code>
instance can also be used to retrieve the string version of the
attribute's value(s).</p>

<p>In XML, where the value of an attribute can contain entity
references, the child nodes of the <code>Attr</code> node may be
either <a href="core.html#ID-1312295772"><code>Text</code></a> or
<a href="core.html#ID-11C98490"><code>EntityReference</code></a>
nodes (when these are in use; see the description of <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-11C98490"><code>EntityReference</code></a> for
discussion). Because the DOM Core is not aware of attribute types,
it treats all attribute values as simple strings, even if the DTD
or schema declares them as having <a href="glossary.html#dt-tokenized"><em>tokenized</em></a> types.</p>

<dl>
<dt><br>
<b>IDL Definition</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="idl-code">
<pre>interface Attr : Node {
  readonly attribute DOMString        name;
  readonly attribute boolean          specified;
           attribute DOMString        value;
                                        // raises(DOMException) on setting

  // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
  readonly attribute Element          ownerElement;
};
</pre>
</div>

<br>
</dd>

<dt><b>Attributes</b></dt>

<dd>
<dl>
<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-1112119403" name="ID-1112119403">name</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a>,
readonly</dt>

<dd>Returns the name of this attribute.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="Attr-ownerElement" name="Attr-ownerElement">ownerElement</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a>, readonly,
introduced in <b class="version">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>The <a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a>
node this attribute is attached to or <code>null</code> if this
attribute is not in use.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-862529273" name="ID-862529273">specified</a></code> of type
<code>boolean</code>, readonly</dt>

<dd>If this attribute was explicitly given a value in the original
document, this is <code>true</code>; otherwise, it is
<code>false</code>. Note that the implementation is in charge of
this attribute, not the user. If the user changes the value of the
attribute (even if it ends up having the same value as the default
value) then the <code>specified</code> flag is automatically
flipped to <code>true</code>. To re-specify the attribute as the
default value from the DTD, the user must delete the attribute. The
implementation will then make a new attribute available with
<code>specified</code> set to <code>false</code> and the default
value (if one exists).<br>
In summary: 

<ul>
<li>If the attribute has an assigned value in the document then
<code>specified</code> is <code>true</code>, and the value is the
assigned value.</li>

<li>If the attribute has no assigned value in the document and has
a default value in the DTD, then <code>specified</code> is
<code>false</code>, and the value is the default value in the
DTD.</li>

<li>If the attribute has no assigned value in the document and has
a value of #IMPLIED in the DTD, then the attribute does not appear
in the structure model of the document.</li>

<li>If the <code>ownerElement</code> attribute is <code>null</code>
(i.e. because it was just created or was set to <code>null</code>
by the various removal and cloning operations)
<code>specified</code> is <code>true</code>.</li>
</ul>

<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-221662474" name="ID-221662474">value</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>On retrieval, the value of the attribute is returned as a
string. Character and general entity references are replaced with
their values. See also the method <code>getAttribute</code> on the
<a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a>
interface.<br>
On setting, this creates a <a href="core.html#ID-1312295772"><code>Text</code></a> node with the
unparsed contents of the string. I.e. any characters that an XML
processor would recognize as markup are instead treated as literal
text. See also the method <code>setAttribute</code> on the <a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a>
interface.<br>
 

<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions on setting</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR: Raised when the node is
readonly.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>

<dt><b>Interface <i><a id="ID-745549614" name="ID-745549614">Element</a></i></b></dt>

<dd>
<p>The <code>Element</code> interface represents an <a href="glossary.html#dt-element"><em>element</em></a> in an HTML or
XML document. Elements may have attributes associated with them;
since the <code>Element</code> interface inherits from <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a>, the generic
<a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a> interface
attribute <code>attributes</code> may be used to retrieve the set
of all attributes for an element. There are methods on the
<code>Element</code> interface to retrieve either an <a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> object by name
or an attribute value by name. In XML, where an attribute value may
contain entity references, an <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> object should
be retrieved to examine the possibly fairly complex sub-tree
representing the attribute value. On the other hand, in HTML, where
all attributes have simple string values, methods to directly
access an attribute value can safely be used as a <a href="glossary.html#dt-convenience"><em>convenience</em></a>.</p>

<p><b>Note:</b> In DOM Level 2, the method <code>normalize</code>
is inherited from the <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a> interface
where it was moved.</p>

<dl>
<dt><br>
<b>IDL Definition</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="idl-code">
<pre>interface Element : Node {
  readonly attribute DOMString        tagName;
  DOMString          getAttribute(in DOMString name);
  void               setAttribute(in DOMString name, 
                                  in DOMString value)
                                        raises(DOMException);
  void               removeAttribute(in DOMString name)
                                        raises(DOMException);
  Attr               getAttributeNode(in DOMString name);
  Attr               setAttributeNode(in Attr newAttr)
                                        raises(DOMException);
  Attr               removeAttributeNode(in Attr oldAttr)
                                        raises(DOMException);
  NodeList           getElementsByTagName(in DOMString name);
  // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
  DOMString          getAttributeNS(in DOMString namespaceURI, 
                                    in DOMString localName);
  // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
  void               setAttributeNS(in DOMString namespaceURI, 
                                    in DOMString qualifiedName, 
                                    in DOMString value)
                                        raises(DOMException);
  // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
  void               removeAttributeNS(in DOMString namespaceURI, 
                                       in DOMString localName)
                                        raises(DOMException);
  // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
  Attr               getAttributeNodeNS(in DOMString namespaceURI, 
                                        in DOMString localName);
  // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
  Attr               setAttributeNodeNS(in Attr newAttr)
                                        raises(DOMException);
  // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
  NodeList           getElementsByTagNameNS(in DOMString namespaceURI, 
                                            in DOMString localName);
  // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
  boolean            hasAttribute(in DOMString name);
  // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
  boolean            hasAttributeNS(in DOMString namespaceURI, 
                                    in DOMString localName);
};
</pre>
</div>

<br>
</dd>

<dt><b>Attributes</b></dt>

<dd>
<dl>
<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-104682815" name="ID-104682815">tagName</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a>,
readonly</dt>

<dd>The name of the element. For example, in: 

<div class="code-block">
<pre>&lt;elementExample id="demo"&gt; 
        ... 
&lt;/elementExample&gt; ,
</pre>
</div>

<code>tagName</code> has the value <code>"elementExample"</code>.
Note that this is case-preserving in XML, as are all of the
operations of the DOM. The HTML DOM returns the
<code>tagName</code> of an HTML element in the canonical uppercase
form, regardless of the case in the source HTML document.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>

<dt><b>Methods</b></dt>

<dd>
<dl>
<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-666EE0F9" name="ID-666EE0F9">getAttribute</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Retrieves an attribute value by name. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">name</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The name of the attribute to retrieve.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The <a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> value
as a string, or the empty string if that attribute does not have a
specified or default value.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div><b>No Exceptions</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-ElGetAttrNS" name="ID-ElGetAttrNS">getAttributeNS</a></code> introduced in <b class="since">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Retrieves an attribute value by local name and
namespace URI. HTML-only DOM implementations do not need to
implement this method. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">namespaceURI</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-namespaceURI"><em>namespace
URI</em></a> of the attribute to retrieve.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">localName</code> of type <a class="noxref" href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-localname"><em>local
name</em></a> of the attribute to retrieve.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The <a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> value
as a string, or the empty string if that attribute does not have a
specified or default value.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div><b>No Exceptions</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-217A91B8" name="ID-217A91B8">getAttributeNode</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Retrieves an attribute node by name.<br>
To retrieve an attribute node by qualified name and namespace URI,
use the <code>getAttributeNodeNS</code> method. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">name</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The name (<code>nodeName</code>) of the attribute to
retrieve.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> node with the
specified name (<code>nodeName</code>) or <code>null</code> if
there is no such attribute.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div><b>No Exceptions</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-ElGetAtNodeNS" name="ID-ElGetAtNodeNS">getAttributeNodeNS</a></code> introduced in
<b class="since">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Retrieves an <a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> node by local
name and namespace URI. HTML-only DOM implementations do not need
to implement this method. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">namespaceURI</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-namespaceURI"><em>namespace
URI</em></a> of the attribute to retrieve.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">localName</code> of type <a class="noxref" href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-localname"><em>local
name</em></a> of the attribute to retrieve.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> node with the
specified attribute local name and namespace URI or
<code>null</code> if there is no such attribute.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div><b>No Exceptions</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-1938918D" name="ID-1938918D">getElementsByTagName</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Returns a <a href="core.html#ID-536297177"><code>NodeList</code></a> of all <a href="glossary.html#dt-descendant"><em>descendant</em></a>
<code>Elements</code> with a given tag name, in the order in which
they are encountered in a preorder traversal of this
<code>Element</code> tree. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">name</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The name of the tag to match on. The special value "*" matches
all tags.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-536297177"><code>NodeList</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>A list of matching <code>Element</code> nodes.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div><b>No Exceptions</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-A6C90942" name="ID-A6C90942">getElementsByTagNameNS</a></code> introduced in
<b class="since">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Returns a <a href="core.html#ID-536297177"><code>NodeList</code></a> of all the
<a href="glossary.html#dt-descendant"><em>descendant</em></a>
<code>Elements</code> with a given local name and namespace URI in
the order in which they are encountered in a preorder traversal of
this <code>Element</code> tree.<br>
HTML-only DOM implementations do not need to implement this method.


<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">namespaceURI</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-namespaceURI"><em>namespace
URI</em></a> of the elements to match on. The special value "*"
matches all namespaces.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">localName</code> of type <a class="noxref" href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-localname"><em>local
name</em></a> of the elements to match on. The special value "*"
matches all local names.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-536297177"><code>NodeList</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>A new <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-536297177"><code>NodeList</code></a> object
containing all the matched <code>Elements</code>.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div><b>No Exceptions</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-ElHasAttr" name="ID-ElHasAttr">hasAttribute</a></code> introduced in <b class="since">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Returns <code>true</code> when an attribute
with a given name is specified on this element or has a default
value, <code>false</code> otherwise. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">name</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The name of the attribute to look for.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><code>boolean</code></p>
</td>
<td>
<p><code>true</code> if an attribute with the given name is
specified on this element or has a default value,
<code>false</code> otherwise.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div><b>No Exceptions</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-ElHasAttrNS" name="ID-ElHasAttrNS">hasAttributeNS</a></code> introduced in <b class="since">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Returns <code>true</code> when an attribute
with a given local name and namespace URI is specified on this
element or has a default value, <code>false</code> otherwise.
HTML-only DOM implementations do not need to implement this method.


<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">namespaceURI</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-namespaceURI"><em>namespace
URI</em></a> of the attribute to look for.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">localName</code> of type <a class="noxref" href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-localname"><em>local
name</em></a> of the attribute to look for.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><code>boolean</code></p>
</td>
<td>
<p><code>true</code> if an attribute with the given local name and
namespace URI is specified or has a default value on this element,
<code>false</code> otherwise.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div><b>No Exceptions</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-6D6AC0F9" name="ID-6D6AC0F9">removeAttribute</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Removes an attribute by name. If the removed
attribute is known to have a default value, an attribute
immediately appears containing the default value as well as the
corresponding namespace URI, local name, and prefix when
applicable.<br>
To remove an attribute by local name and namespace URI, use the
<code>removeAttributeNS</code> method. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">name</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The name of the attribute to remove.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR: Raised if this node is
readonly.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
<div><b>No Return Value</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-ElRemAtNS" name="ID-ElRemAtNS">removeAttributeNS</a></code> introduced in <b class="since">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Removes an attribute by local name and
namespace URI. If the removed attribute has a default value it is
immediately replaced. The replacing attribute has the same
namespace URI and local name, as well as the original prefix.<br>
HTML-only DOM implementations do not need to implement this method.


<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">namespaceURI</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-namespaceURI"><em>namespace
URI</em></a> of the attribute to remove.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">localName</code> of type <a class="noxref" href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-localname"><em>local
name</em></a> of the attribute to remove.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR: Raised if this node is
readonly.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
<div><b>No Return Value</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-D589198" name="ID-D589198">removeAttributeNode</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Removes the specified attribute node. If the
removed <a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> has
a default value it is immediately replaced. The replacing attribute
has the same namespace URI and local name, as well as the original
prefix, when applicable. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">oldAttr</code> of type <a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> node to remove
from the attribute list.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> node that was
removed.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR: Raised if this node is
readonly.</p>

<p>NOT_FOUND_ERR: Raised if <code>oldAttr</code> is not an
attribute of the element.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-F68F082" name="ID-F68F082">setAttribute</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Adds a new attribute. If an attribute with that
name is already present in the element, its value is changed to be
that of the value parameter. This value is a simple string; it is
not parsed as it is being set. So any markup (such as syntax to be
recognized as an entity reference) is treated as literal text, and
needs to be appropriately escaped by the implementation when it is
written out. In order to assign an attribute value that contains
entity references, the user must create an <a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> node plus any
<a href="core.html#ID-1312295772"><code>Text</code></a> and <a href="core.html#ID-11C98490"><code>EntityReference</code></a>
nodes, build the appropriate subtree, and use
<code>setAttributeNode</code> to assign it as the value of an
attribute.<br>
To set an attribute with a qualified name and namespace URI, use
the <code>setAttributeNS</code> method. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">name</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The name of the attribute to create or alter.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">value</code> of type <a class="noxref" href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>Value to set in string form.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR: Raised if the specified name contains an
illegal character.</p>

<p>NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR: Raised if this node is
readonly.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
<div><b>No Return Value</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-ElSetAttrNS" name="ID-ElSetAttrNS">setAttributeNS</a></code> introduced in <b class="since">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Adds a new attribute. If an attribute with the
same local name and namespace URI is already present on the
element, its prefix is changed to be the prefix part of the
<code>qualifiedName</code>, and its value is changed to be the
<code>value</code> parameter. This value is a simple string; it is
not parsed as it is being set. So any markup (such as syntax to be
recognized as an entity reference) is treated as literal text, and
needs to be appropriately escaped by the implementation when it is
written out. In order to assign an attribute value that contains
entity references, the user must create an <a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> node plus any
<a href="core.html#ID-1312295772"><code>Text</code></a> and <a href="core.html#ID-11C98490"><code>EntityReference</code></a>
nodes, build the appropriate subtree, and use
<code>setAttributeNodeNS</code> or <code>setAttributeNode</code> to
assign it as the value of an attribute.<br>
HTML-only DOM implementations do not need to implement this method.


<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">namespaceURI</code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-namespaceURI"><em>namespace
URI</em></a> of the attribute to create or alter.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">qualifiedName</code> of type <a class="noxref" href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-qualifiedname"><em>qualified
name</em></a> of the attribute to create or alter.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="parameter-name">value</code> of type <a class="noxref" href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The value to set in string form.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR: Raised if the specified qualified name
contains an illegal character.</p>

<p>NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR: Raised if this node is
readonly.</p>

<p>NAMESPACE_ERR: Raised if the <code>qualifiedName</code> is
malformed, if the <code>qualifiedName</code> has a prefix and the
<code>namespaceURI</code> is <code>null</code>, if the
<code>qualifiedName</code> has a prefix that is "xml" and the
<code>namespaceURI</code> is different from "<a href="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace">http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace</a>",
or if the <code>qualifiedName</code> is "xmlns" and the
<code>namespaceURI</code> is different from "<a href="http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/">http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/</a>".</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
<div><b>No Return Value</b></div>
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-887236154" name="ID-887236154">setAttributeNode</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Adds a new attribute node. If an attribute with
that name (<code>nodeName</code>) is already present in the
element, it is replaced by the new one.<br>
To add a new attribute node with a qualified name and namespace
URI, use the <code>setAttributeNodeNS</code> method. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">newAttr</code> of type <a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> node to add to
the attribute list.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>If the <code>newAttr</code> attribute replaces an existing
attribute, the replaced <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> node is
returned, otherwise <code>null</code> is returned.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR: Raised if <code>newAttr</code> was created
from a different document than the one that created the
element.</p>

<p>NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR: Raised if this node is
readonly.</p>

<p>INUSE_ATTRIBUTE_ERR: Raised if <code>newAttr</code> is already
an attribute of another <code>Element</code> object. The DOM user
must explicitly clone <a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> nodes to re-use
them in other elements.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-ElSetAtNodeNS" name="ID-ElSetAtNodeNS">setAttributeNodeNS</a></code> introduced in
<b class="since">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Adds a new attribute. If an attribute with that
local name and that namespace URI is already present in the
element, it is replaced by the new one.<br>
HTML-only DOM implementations do not need to implement this method.


<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">newAttr</code> of type <a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a></dt>

<dd>The <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> node to add to
the attribute list.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>If the <code>newAttr</code> attribute replaces an existing
attribute with the same <a href="glossary.html#dt-localname"><em>local name</em></a> and <a href="glossary.html#dt-namespaceURI"><em>namespace URI</em></a>,
the replaced <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> node is
returned, otherwise <code>null</code> is returned.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR: Raised if <code>newAttr</code> was created
from a different document than the one that created the
element.</p>

<p>NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR: Raised if this node is
readonly.</p>

<p>INUSE_ATTRIBUTE_ERR: Raised if <code>newAttr</code> is already
an attribute of another <code>Element</code> object. The DOM user
must explicitly clone <a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a> nodes to re-use
them in other elements.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>

<dt><b>Interface <i><a id="ID-1312295772" name="ID-1312295772">Text</a></i></b></dt>

<dd>
<p>The <code>Text</code> interface inherits from <a href="core.html#ID-FF21A306"><code>CharacterData</code></a> and
represents the textual content (termed <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-xml-19980210#syntax"><em>character
data</em></a> in XML) of an <a href="core.html#ID-745549614"><code>Element</code></a> or <a href="core.html#ID-637646024"><code>Attr</code></a>. If there is no
markup inside an element's content, the text is contained in a
single object implementing the <code>Text</code> interface that is
the only child of the element. If there is markup, it is parsed
into the <a href="glossary.html#dt-infoitem"><em>information
items</em></a> (elements, comments, etc.) and <code>Text</code>
nodes that form the list of children of the element.</p>

<p>When a document is first made available via the DOM, there is
only one <code>Text</code> node for each block of text. Users may
create adjacent <code>Text</code> nodes that represent the contents
of a given element without any intervening markup, but should be
aware that there is no way to represent the separations between
these nodes in XML or HTML, so they will not (in general) persist
between DOM editing sessions. The <code>normalize()</code> method
on <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a> merges
any such adjacent <code>Text</code> objects into a single node for
each block of text.</p>

<dl>
<dt><br>
<b>IDL Definition</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="idl-code">
<pre>interface Text : CharacterData {
  Text               splitText(in unsigned long offset)
                                        raises(DOMException);
};
</pre>
</div>

<br>
</dd>

<dt><b>Methods</b></dt>

<dd>
<dl>
<dt><code class="method-name"><a id="ID-38853C1D" name="ID-38853C1D">splitText</a></code></dt>

<dd>
<div class="method">Breaks this node into two nodes at the
specified <code>offset</code>, keeping both in the tree as <a href="glossary.html#dt-sibling"><em>siblings</em></a>. After being
split, this node will contain all the content up to the
<code>offset</code> point. A new node of the same type, which
contains all the content at and after the <code>offset</code>
point, is returned. If the original node had a parent node, the new
node is inserted as the next <a href="glossary.html#dt-sibling"><em>sibling</em></a> of the
original node. When the <code>offset</code> is equal to the length
of this node, the new node has no data. 

<div class="parameters"><b>Parameters</b> 

<div class="paramtable">
<dl>
<dt><code class="parameter-name">offset</code> of type
<code>unsigned long</code></dt>

<dd>The <a href="glossary.html#dt-16-bit-unit"><em>16-bit
unit</em></a> offset at which to split, starting from
<code>0</code>.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<!-- parameters -->
<div class="return"><b>Return Value</b> 

<div class="returntable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the return value, the second contains a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-1312295772"><code>Text</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The new node, of the same type as this node.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- return -->
<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>INDEX_SIZE_ERR: Raised if the specified offset is negative or
greater than the number of 16-bit units in <code>data</code>.</p>

<p>NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR: Raised if this node is
readonly.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</div>

<!-- method -->
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>

<dt><b>Interface <i><a id="ID-1728279322" name="ID-1728279322">Comment</a></i></b></dt>

<dd>
<p>This interface inherits from <a href="core.html#ID-FF21A306"><code>CharacterData</code></a> and
represents the content of a comment, i.e., all the characters
between the starting '<code>&lt;!--</code>' and ending
'<code>--&gt;</code>'. Note that this is the definition of a
comment in XML, and, in practice, HTML, although some HTML tools
may implement the full SGML comment structure.</p>

<dl>
<dt><br>
<b>IDL Definition</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="idl-code">
<pre>interface Comment : CharacterData {
};
</pre>
</div>

<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>

<!-- div2 ID-BBACDC08 -->
<div class="div2"><a id="ID-E067D597" name="ID-E067D597"></a> 

<h2 id="ID-E067D597-h2" class="div2">1.3. Extended Interfaces</h2>

<p>The interfaces defined here form part of the DOM Core
specification, but objects that expose these interfaces will never
be encountered in a DOM implementation that deals only with HTML.
As such, HTML-only DOM implementations [<a class="noxref" href="references.html#DOMHTML-inf">DOM Level 2 HTML</a>] do not
need to have objects that implement these interfaces.</p>

<p>The interfaces found within this section are not mandatory. A
DOM application may use the <code>hasFeature(feature,
version)</code> method of the <a href="core.html#ID-102161490"><code>DOMImplementation</code></a>
interface with parameter values "XML" and "2.0" (respectively) to
determine whether or not this module is supported by the
implementation. In order to fully support this module, an
implementation must also support the "Core" feature defined in <a href="core.html#ID-BBACDC08">Fundamental Interfaces</a>. Please
refer to additional information about <a href="introduction.html#ID-Conformance">Conformance</a> in this
specification.</p>

<dl>
<dt><b>Interface <i><a id="ID-667469212" name="ID-667469212">CDATASection</a></i></b></dt>

<dd>
<p>CDATA sections are used to escape blocks of text containing
characters that would otherwise be regarded as markup. The only
delimiter that is recognized in a CDATA section is the "]]&gt;"
string that ends the CDATA section. CDATA sections cannot be
nested. Their primary purpose is for including material such as XML
fragments, without needing to escape all the delimiters.</p>

<p>The <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a>
attribute of the <a href="core.html#ID-1312295772"><code>Text</code></a> node holds the
text that is contained by the CDATA section. Note that this
<em>may</em> contain characters that need to be escaped outside of
CDATA sections and that, depending on the character encoding
("charset") chosen for serialization, it may be impossible to write
out some characters as part of a CDATA section.</p>

<p>The <code>CDATASection</code> interface inherits from the <a href="core.html#ID-FF21A306"><code>CharacterData</code></a>
interface through the <a href="core.html#ID-1312295772"><code>Text</code></a> interface.
Adjacent <code>CDATASection</code> nodes are not merged by use of
the <code>normalize</code> method of the <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a> interface.</p>

<p><b>Note:</b> Because no markup is recognized within a
<code>CDATASection</code>, character numeric references cannot be
used as an escape mechanism when serializing. Therefore, action
needs to be taken when serializing a <code>CDATASection</code> with
a character encoding where some of the contained characters cannot
be represented. Failure to do so would not produce well-formed
XML.<br>
One potential solution in the serialization process is to end the
CDATA section before the character, output the character using a
character reference or entity reference, and open a new CDATA
section for any further characters in the text node. Note, however,
that some code conversion libraries at the time of writing do not
return an error or exception when a character is missing from the
encoding, making the task of ensuring that data is not corrupted on
serialization more difficult.</p>

<dl>
<dt><br>
<b>IDL Definition</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="idl-code">
<pre>interface CDATASection : Text {
};
</pre>
</div>

<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>

<dt><b>Interface <i><a id="ID-412266927" name="ID-412266927">DocumentType</a></i></b></dt>

<dd>
<p>Each <a href="core.html#i-Document"><code>Document</code></a>
has a <code>doctype</code> attribute whose value is either
<code>null</code> or a <code>DocumentType</code> object. The
<code>DocumentType</code> interface in the DOM Core provides an
interface to the list of entities that are defined for the
document, and little else because the effect of namespaces and the
various XML schema efforts on DTD representation are not clearly
understood as of this writing.</p>

<p>The DOM Level 2 doesn't support editing
<code>DocumentType</code> nodes.</p>

<dl>
<dt><br>
<b>IDL Definition</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="idl-code">
<pre>interface DocumentType : Node {
  readonly attribute DOMString        name;
  readonly attribute NamedNodeMap     entities;
  readonly attribute NamedNodeMap     notations;
  // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
  readonly attribute DOMString        publicId;
  // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
  readonly attribute DOMString        systemId;
  // Introduced in DOM Level 2:
  readonly attribute DOMString        internalSubset;
};
</pre>
</div>

<br>
</dd>

<dt><b>Attributes</b></dt>

<dd>
<dl>
<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-1788794630" name="ID-1788794630">entities</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#ID-1780488922"><code>NamedNodeMap</code></a>,
readonly</dt>

<dd>A <a href="core.html#ID-1780488922"><code>NamedNodeMap</code></a>
containing the general entities, both external and internal,
declared in the DTD. Parameter entities are not contained.
Duplicates are discarded. For example in: 

<div class="code-block">
<pre>&lt;!DOCTYPE ex SYSTEM "ex.dtd" [
  &lt;!ENTITY foo "foo"&gt;
  &lt;!ENTITY bar "bar"&gt;
  &lt;!ENTITY bar "bar2"&gt;
  &lt;!ENTITY % baz "baz"&gt;
]&gt;
&lt;ex/&gt;
</pre>
</div>

the interface provides access to <code>foo</code> and the first
declaration of <code>bar</code> but not the second declaration of
<code>bar</code> or <code>baz</code>. Every node in this map also
implements the <a href="core.html#ID-527DCFF2"><code>Entity</code></a>
interface.<br>
The DOM Level 2 does not support editing entities, therefore
<code>entities</code> cannot be altered in any way.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-Core-DocType-internalSubset" name="ID-Core-DocType-internalSubset">internalSubset</a></code> of
type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a>,
readonly, introduced in <b class="version">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>The internal subset as a string. 

<p><b>Note:</b> The actual content returned depends on how much
information is available to the implementation. This may vary
depending on various parameters, including the XML processor used
to build the document.</p>
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-1844763134" name="ID-1844763134">name</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a>,
readonly</dt>

<dd>The name of DTD; i.e., the name immediately following the
<code>DOCTYPE</code> keyword.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-D46829EF" name="ID-D46829EF">notations</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#ID-1780488922"><code>NamedNodeMap</code></a>,
readonly</dt>

<dd>A <a href="core.html#ID-1780488922"><code>NamedNodeMap</code></a>
containing the notations declared in the DTD. Duplicates are
discarded. Every node in this map also implements the <a href="core.html#ID-5431D1B9"><code>Notation</code></a>
interface.<br>
The DOM Level 2 does not support editing notations, therefore
<code>notations</code> cannot be altered in any way.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-Core-DocType-publicId" name="ID-Core-DocType-publicId">publicId</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a>, readonly,
introduced in <b class="version">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>The public identifier of the external subset.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-Core-DocType-systemId" name="ID-Core-DocType-systemId">systemId</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a>, readonly,
introduced in <b class="version">DOM Level 2</b></dt>

<dd>The system identifier of the external subset.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>

<dt><b>Interface <i><a id="ID-5431D1B9" name="ID-5431D1B9">Notation</a></i></b></dt>

<dd>
<p>This interface represents a notation declared in the DTD. A
notation either declares, by name, the format of an unparsed entity
(see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-xml-19980210#Notations"><em>section
4.7</em></a> of the XML 1.0 specification [<a class="noxref" href="references.html#XML">XML</a>]), or is used for formal
declaration of processing instruction targets (see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-xml-19980210#sec-pi"><em>section
2.6</em></a> of the XML 1.0 specification [<a class="noxref" href="references.html#XML">XML</a>]). The <code>nodeName</code>
attribute inherited from <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a> is set to the
declared name of the notation.</p>

<p>The DOM Level 1 does not support editing <code>Notation</code>
nodes; they are therefore <a href="glossary.html#dt-readonly-node"><em>readonly</em></a>.</p>

<p>A <code>Notation</code> node does not have any parent.</p>

<dl>
<dt><br>
<b>IDL Definition</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="idl-code">
<pre>interface Notation : Node {
  readonly attribute DOMString        publicId;
  readonly attribute DOMString        systemId;
};
</pre>
</div>

<br>
</dd>

<dt><b>Attributes</b></dt>

<dd>
<dl>
<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-54F2B4D0" name="ID-54F2B4D0">publicId</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a>,
readonly</dt>

<dd>The public identifier of this notation. If the public
identifier was not specified, this is <code>null</code>.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-E8AAB1D0" name="ID-E8AAB1D0">systemId</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a>,
readonly</dt>

<dd>The system identifier of this notation. If the system
identifier was not specified, this is <code>null</code>.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>

<dt><b>Interface <i><a id="ID-527DCFF2" name="ID-527DCFF2">Entity</a></i></b></dt>

<dd>
<p>This interface represents an entity, either parsed or unparsed,
in an XML document. Note that this models the entity itself
<em>not</em> the entity declaration. <code>Entity</code>
declaration modeling has been left for a later Level of the DOM
specification.</p>

<p>The <code>nodeName</code> attribute that is inherited from <a href="core.html#ID-1950641247"><code>Node</code></a> contains the
name of the entity.</p>

<p>An XML processor may choose to completely expand entities before
the structure model is passed to the DOM; in this case there will
be no <a href="core.html#ID-11C98490"><code>EntityReference</code></a> nodes
in the document tree.</p>

<p>XML does not mandate that a non-validating XML processor read
and process entity declarations made in the external subset or
declared in external parameter entities. This means that parsed
entities declared in the external subset need not be expanded by
some classes of applications, and that the replacement value of the
entity may not be available. When the replacement value is
available, the corresponding <code>Entity</code> node's child list
represents the structure of that replacement text. Otherwise, the
child list is empty.</p>

<p>The DOM Level 2 does not support editing <code>Entity</code>
nodes; if a user wants to make changes to the contents of an
<code>Entity</code>, every related <a href="core.html#ID-11C98490"><code>EntityReference</code></a> node
has to be replaced in the structure model by a clone of the
<code>Entity</code>'s contents, and then the desired changes must
be made to each of those clones instead. <code>Entity</code> nodes
and all their <a href="glossary.html#dt-descendant"><em>descendants</em></a> are <a href="glossary.html#dt-readonly-node"><em>readonly</em></a>.</p>

<p>An <code>Entity</code> node does not have any parent.</p>

<p><b>Note:</b> If the entity contains an unbound <a href="glossary.html#dt-namespaceprefix"><em>namespace
prefix</em></a>, the <code>namespaceURI</code> of the corresponding
node in the <code>Entity</code> node subtree is <code>null</code>.
The same is true for <a href="core.html#ID-11C98490"><code>EntityReference</code></a> nodes
that refer to this entity, when they are created using the
<code>createEntityReference</code> method of the <a href="core.html#i-Document"><code>Document</code></a> interface.
The DOM Level 2 does not support any mechanism to resolve namespace
prefixes.</p>

<dl>
<dt><br>
<b>IDL Definition</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="idl-code">
<pre>interface Entity : Node {
  readonly attribute DOMString        publicId;
  readonly attribute DOMString        systemId;
  readonly attribute DOMString        notationName;
};
</pre>
</div>

<br>
</dd>

<dt><b>Attributes</b></dt>

<dd>
<dl>
<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-6ABAEB38" name="ID-6ABAEB38">notationName</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a>,
readonly</dt>

<dd>For unparsed entities, the name of the notation for the entity.
For parsed entities, this is <code>null</code>.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-D7303025" name="ID-D7303025">publicId</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a>,
readonly</dt>

<dd>The public identifier associated with the entity, if specified.
If the public identifier was not specified, this is
<code>null</code>.<br>
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-D7C29F3E" name="ID-D7C29F3E">systemId</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a>,
readonly</dt>

<dd>The system identifier associated with the entity, if specified.
If the system identifier was not specified, this is
<code>null</code>.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>

<dt><b>Interface <i><a id="ID-11C98490" name="ID-11C98490">EntityReference</a></i></b></dt>

<dd>
<p><code>EntityReference</code> objects may be inserted into the
structure model when an entity reference is in the source document,
or when the user wishes to insert an entity reference. Note that
character references and references to predefined entities are
considered to be expanded by the HTML or XML processor so that
characters are represented by their Unicode equivalent rather than
by an entity reference. Moreover, the XML processor may completely
expand references to entities while building the structure model,
instead of providing <code>EntityReference</code> objects. If it
does provide such objects, then for a given
<code>EntityReference</code> node, it may be that there is no <a href="core.html#ID-527DCFF2"><code>Entity</code></a> node
representing the referenced entity. If such an <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-527DCFF2"><code>Entity</code></a> exists, then
the subtree of the <code>EntityReference</code> node is in general
a copy of the <a class="noxref" href="core.html#ID-527DCFF2"><code>Entity</code></a> node subtree.
However, this may not be true when an entity contains an unbound <a href="glossary.html#dt-namespaceprefix"><em>namespace
prefix</em></a>. In such a case, because the namespace prefix
resolution depends on where the entity reference is, the <a href="glossary.html#dt-descendant"><em>descendants</em></a> of the
<code>EntityReference</code> node may be bound to different <a href="glossary.html#dt-namespaceURI"><em>namespace
URIs</em></a>.</p>

<p>As for <a href="core.html#ID-527DCFF2"><code>Entity</code></a>
nodes, <code>EntityReference</code> nodes and all their <a href="glossary.html#dt-descendant"><em>descendants</em></a> are <a href="glossary.html#dt-readonly-node"><em>readonly</em></a>.</p>

<dl>
<dt><br>
<b>IDL Definition</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="idl-code">
<pre>interface EntityReference : Node {
};
</pre>
</div>

<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>

<dt><b>Interface <i><a id="ID-1004215813" name="ID-1004215813">ProcessingInstruction</a></i></b></dt>

<dd>
<p>The <code>ProcessingInstruction</code> interface represents a
"processing instruction", used in XML as a way to keep
processor-specific information in the text of the document.</p>

<dl>
<dt><br>
<b>IDL Definition</b></dt>

<dd>
<div class="idl-code">
<pre>interface ProcessingInstruction : Node {
  readonly attribute DOMString        target;
           attribute DOMString        data;
                                        // raises(DOMException) on setting

};
</pre>
</div>

<br>
</dd>

<dt><b>Attributes</b></dt>

<dd>
<dl>
<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-837822393" name="ID-837822393">data</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a></dt>

<dd>The content of this processing instruction. This is from the
first non white space character after the target to the character
immediately preceding the <code>?&gt;</code>.<br>
 

<div class="exceptions"><b>Exceptions on setting</b> 

<div class="exceptiontable">
<table summary="Layout table: the first cell contains the type of the exception, the second contains the specific error code and a short description" border="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<p><a href="core.html#ID-17189187"><code>DOMException</code></a></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR: Raised when the node is
readonly.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>

<!-- exceptions -->
</dd>

<dt><code class="attribute-name"><a id="ID-1478689192" name="ID-1478689192">target</a></code> of type <a href="core.html#DOMString"><code>DOMString</code></a>,
readonly</dt>

<dd>The target of this processing instruction. XML defines this as
being the first <a href="glossary.html#dt-token"><em>token</em></a>
following the markup that begins the processing instruction.<br>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>

<!-- div2 ID-E067D597 --></div>

<!-- div1 Core -->
<div class="navbar" align="center">
<hr title="Navigation area separator">
<a accesskey="p" href="introduction.html">previous</a> &nbsp; <a accesskey="n" href="changes.html">next</a> &nbsp; <a accesskey="c" href="Overview.html#contents">contents</a> &nbsp; <a accesskey="i" href="def-index.html">index</a></div>



</body>

Script Preparation code:

var i, imax;
var doc = document;

Tests:

getElementById
var test = doc.getElementById('ID-removeNamedItemNS').childNodes[0].innerHTML;
getElementsByTagName
var formelem = doc.getElementById('ID-removeNamedItemNS').getElementsByTagName('a')[0].innerHTML;
querySelector
var test = doc.getElementById('ID-removeNamedItemNS').querySelector('.ID-removeNamedItemNS').innerHTML;
getElementsByClassName
var test = doc.getElementById('ID-removeNamedItemNS').getElementsByClassName('ID-removeNamedItemNS')[0].innerHTML;
getElementsByName
var test = doc.getElementsByName('ID-removeNamedItemNS')[0].innerHTML;

Rendered benchmark preparation results:

Suite status: <idle, ready to run>

Previous results

Test case name	Result
getElementById
getElementsByTagName
querySelector
getElementsByClassName
getElementsByName

Fastest: N/A

Slowest: N/A

ⓘ Get performance results from real users on your website with Request Metrics.

Website Performance Monitoring by Request Metrics

Latest run results:

Run details: (Test run date: 5 years ago)

User agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.110 Safari/537.36

Browser/OS: Chrome 70 on Mac OS X 10.14.1

View result in a separate tab

Test name	Executions per second
getElementById	4632169.0 Ops/sec
getElementsByTagName	0.0 Ops/sec
querySelector	0.0 Ops/sec
getElementsByClassName	0.0 Ops/sec
getElementsByName	1837654.0 Ops/sec

getElementById vs querySelector v (version: 0)

Test performance of different ways of get just one particular DOM element

Comparing performance of: getElementById vs getElementsByTagName vs querySelector vs getElementsByClassName vs getElementsByName

Created: 5 years ago by: Guest

Jump to the latest result

getElementById

getElementsByTagName

querySelector

getElementsByClassName

getElementsByName

Suite status: <idle, ready to run>

Experimental features:

Fastest: N/A

Slowest: N/A