Run results for: ArrayBuffer to base64 String

Run details:

User agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/85.0.4183.121 Safari/537.36

Browser: Chrome 85

Operating system: Windows

Device Platform: Desktop

Date tested: 4 years ago

Test name	Executions per second
String.fromCharCode.apply	1004.8 Ops/sec
String.fromCharCode	26.2 Ops/sec
bytesToBase64	49.6 Ops/sec
arr join	24.8 Ops/sec
byteArrayToString	1119.4 Ops/sec

Script Preparation code:

var ab = new ArrayBuffer(70*1024);
var uint8 = new Uint8Array(ab);
for (var i = 0; i < ab.byteLength; i++) {
    uint8[i] = i % 256;
}
var expected = window.btoa(String.fromCharCode.apply(null, uint8));

function byteArrayToString(bytes) {
  var CHUNK_SIZE = 8*1024;
  if (bytes.length <= CHUNK_SIZE)
    return String.fromCharCode.apply(null, bytes);
  var str = '';
  for (var i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += CHUNK_SIZE)
    str += String.fromCharCode.apply(null, bytes.slice(i, i+CHUNK_SIZE));
  return str;
}

function validate(res){
  if (res !== expected)
      throw "expected=" + expected + " but got " + res;
}


function uint6ToB64(nUint6) {
  return nUint6 < 26 ?
      nUint6 + 65
    : nUint6 < 52 ?
      nUint6 + 71
    : nUint6 < 62 ?
      nUint6 - 4
    : nUint6 === 62 ?
      43
    : nUint6 === 63 ?
      47
    :
      65;
};

function bytesToBase64(aBytes) {
  var eqLen = (3 - (aBytes.length % 3)) % 3, sB64Enc = "";

  for (var nMod3, nLen = aBytes.length, nUint24 = 0, nIdx = 0; nIdx < nLen; nIdx++) {
    nMod3 = nIdx % 3;
    nUint24 |= aBytes[nIdx] << (16 >>> nMod3 & 24);
    if (nMod3 === 2 || aBytes.length - nIdx === 1) {
      sB64Enc += String.fromCharCode(uint6ToB64(nUint24 >>> 18 & 63), uint6ToB64(nUint24 >>> 12 & 63), uint6ToB64(nUint24 >>> 6 & 63), uint6ToB64(nUint24 & 63));
      nUint24 = 0;
    }
  }

  return  eqLen === 0 ?
            sB64Enc
          :
            sB64Enc.substring(0, sB64Enc.length - eqLen) + (eqLen === 1 ? "=" : "==");
};

Tests:

String.fromCharCode.apply
var bin = String.fromCharCode.apply(null, uint8); var res = window.btoa(bin) validate(res)
String.fromCharCode
var bin = ''; for (var i = 0; i < uint8.byteLength; i++) bin += String.fromCharCode(uint8[i]); var res = window.btoa(bin) validate(res)
bytesToBase64
var res = bytesToBase64(uint8) validate(res)
arr join
var bin = []; for (var i = 0; i < uint8.byteLength; i++) bin.push(String.fromCharCode(uint8[i])); var res = window.btoa(bin.join('')) validate(res)
byteArrayToString
var bin = byteArrayToString(uint8); var res = window.btoa(bin) validate(res)

Run results for: ArrayBuffer to base64 String

String.fromCharCode.apply

String.fromCharCode

bytesToBase64

arr join

byteArrayToString